2. 外语
  3. Which of the following best completes the passage below? Established companies concentrate on defending what they already have.

Which of the following best completes the passage below? Established companies concentrate on defending what they already have.

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问题 Which of the following best completes the passage below? Established companies concentrate on defending what they already have. Consequently, they tend not to be innovative themselves and tend to underestimate the effects of the innovations of others. The clearest example of this defensive strategy is the fact that
选项 A、ballpoint pens and soft-tip markers have eliminated the traditional market for fountain pens, clearing the way for the marketing of fountain pens as luxury of prestige items.
B、a highly successful automobile was introduced by the same company that had earlier introduced a model that had been a dismal failure.
C、a once-successful manufacturer of slide rules reacted to the introduction of electronic calculators by trying to make better slide rules.
D、one of the first models of modern accounting machines, designed for use in the banking industry, was purchased by a public library as well as by banks.
E、the inventor of a commonly used anesthetic did not intend the product to be used by dentists, who currently account for almost the entire market for that drug.
答案C
解析 选项(C)是一个防御性的，非创新的，并低估他人创新效果的策略的清楚例子，计算尺生产商的行为好像是只要改进旧的、更熟悉的产品就可以抵销一种竞争产品——电子计算器的更新式的完全不同的技术提供的优势，选项(C)因此是正确答案；其他选项都不是作者所说的防御性策略的例子。选项(D)和(E)是原来没有预料到的使用者，使用新的产品，而不是对其他人创新的反应；(B)也没有描述这种反应；选项(A)描述了一种情况，在这种情况下，新产品在传统市场上取代了旧产品，但同时也为旧产品提供了一个新的营销策略。
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