首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How to Cure Jet Lag A)Jet lag is exhausting, disorientating, and can even make you lose your appetite. B)According to Air & Spac
How to Cure Jet Lag A)Jet lag is exhausting, disorientating, and can even make you lose your appetite. B)According to Air & Spac
admin
2014-12-26
95
问题
How to Cure Jet Lag
A)Jet lag is exhausting, disorientating, and can even make you lose your appetite.
B)According to Air & Space magazine the term "jet lag" may have been first coined in February 1966. "If you’re going to be a member of the Jet Set and fly off to Katmandu for coffee with King Mahendra," wrote Horace Sutton in the Los Angeles Times, "you can count on contracting Jet Lag, a debility like a hangover. Jet Lag derives from the simple fact that jets travel so fast they leave your body rhythms behind."
C)It’s only in the last few decades that humans have been able to jump time zones, and we’ ve yet to find a way to adapt. But what actually happens to our bodies when we leap across time zones and how is research helping us understand how to ease the effects?
D)Jet lag is the result of a disruption in our body’ s internal clocks. Our biological clocks drive our circadian rhythms(生理节奏), which anticipate dawn and dusk, and controls everything from blood pressure to how hungry we are. The system is a "master clock" in our brain that is sensitive to our exposure to light coordinates all the body clocks within our organs and tissues.
E)It takes most people a few days to fully adjust, depending on not only how many time zones have been crossed, but also the direction of travel. Adjusting to eastward travel is harder because of the way our internal body clock functions. As this clock follows a period of just over 24 hours, our bodies compensate every day by contracting this to keep up with the regular 24-hour sun cycle. When you travel west, you gain several hours, and so your body has extra time to make this adjustment. Travel east, though, and your day is shortened, which makes the adjustment more difficult.
Shift work
F)So how possible is it to fool our biological clocks? "There is no silver bullet—so far—to treat jet lag," says Horacio de la Iglesia, professor of biology at the University of Washington. "Typically, the best way involves a combination of strategies that include restricting light exposure to specific times, restricting rest and meals, as well as activities such as walking and running to specific times." Simon Archer from Surrey University agrees, at least in principle. "A combined approach can be helpful, but in practice it may be difficult to get all the timings right—it may be very difficult not to be exposed to light at an inappropriate time."
G)All these strategies are aimed at speeding up the adjustment of our multiple clocks to the new time zone. Work over the past 15 years has led to an amazing increase in our understanding of the circadian clock, light input and jet lag, says Stuart Peirson of the Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology at Oxford University.
H)Together with his team, he has been studying how light changes the expression of clock genes in the SCN. Increased expression of certain clock genes effectively moves the molecular "hands" of the clock to the correct time, says Peirson—but there seems to be a limit on how much the clock can be shifted: it’ s just one hour per day. "Our work in this area has identified a natural brake—a protein called SIK1—that is activated by light and actively prevents the clock shifting. Normally it would take five or six days to adjust to a six-hour shift in time zone. "When this[SIK1]mechanism is blocked, it enables mice to shift their clocks much more quickly—shifting six hours in two-to-three days," says Peirson.
Be prepared
I)Some scientists are looking at how we can avoid jet lag by preparing for it in advance. "We believe it is important for many people to start the process of shifting your internal rhythms before the flight, so that you arrive with little or no jet lag," says Charmane Eastman at Rush University in Chicago, Illinois. "Most recommendations and computer-based programs only make recommendations for what to do after landing in the new time zone."
J)Together with colleagues, Eastman has been investigating how people could reset their body clocks before flying.
Speed shift
K)There might also be ways to adjust the body clock without drugs. Another group of scientists has designed an app called Entrain that uses mathematical modelling to determine how our body can shift from one time zone to another in the quickest way possible. If users type in the timezone they are travelling to, the app calculates a schedule that tells the user when they should expose themselves to light.
L)The researchers say it’s probably easiest for travellers to divide their day into two parts, one where they seek as much light as possible and another where they should try to be in darkness—essentially corresponding to dawn and dusk. The software "should allow an individual to get over jet lag in less than half the time than if one use other well-known recommendations," says Daniel Forger of the University of Michigan, a co-author of the study.
M)The schedules themselves haven’t been tested in controlled environments; the data people submit will be used to test the efficacy of the recommendations in the real world—and the team says they have data from over 5,000 people so far. "Hopefully our schedules can be integrated into more devices so that they become easier to follow," says lead developer of Entrain, mathematician Olivia Walch at the University of Michigan. "Maybe hotels could offer 10,000 lux lights so that people can get bright daylight when they need it to push their clocks in the right direction."
N)You can start to fill in the new time zone by altering their habits of rest and and meals gradually. For example, you may sleep earlier and ensure the room where you sleep is totally dark and quiet. You can also eat a bit earlier or late and eat some snacks just to make your body adjust to the new rhythm.
O)Though by far there is no solution to solve this problem completely, scientists said we can still adjust our bodies with those means mentioned above which can greatly lighten the unpleasant feeling caused by jet lag.
In order to adjust to the new time zone one can change their sleeping and eating time gradually.
选项
答案
N
解析
此句意为:为了能适应新的时区,人们可以逐步地改变睡眠和吃饭的时间。根据题干中的adjust to the new time zone可以定位到N段中的You can start tofill in the new time zone by altering their habits of rest and and meals gradually.For example,you may sleep earlier and ensure the room where you sleep is totally dark and quiet. You can also eat a bit earlier or late…题干中的change their sleeping and eatingtime是对文中altering their habits of rest and and meals的转述。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/P9h7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Adviser.B、Computerprogrammer.C、Productdesigner.D、Schoolteacher.B推断题。对话中女士问男士他是不是想做编程工作(writeprogramsforcomputers),男士
AteamofGermanscientistshastakenpicturesofanancientfishthatwasthoughttohavediedoutlongago.Thepicturesmayp
"Nothingraisesmorefearinarepressivegovernmentthanchallengestothecontrolofinformation.Andnothingismoreimportan
"Nothingraisesmorefearinarepressivegovernmentthanchallengestothecontrolofinformation.Andnothingismoreimportan
Manypeoplebecomequietandtensewhentheyfirstmeetsomeonetheydonotknow,orwhentheyfaceanewsituation.Theybecome
A、Hefindshistorybooksdifficulttounderstand.B、Hehastoreadalotofhistorybooks.C、Hedoesn’tlikethehistorycourse.
A、She’slookingforwardtoherhistoryclass.B、She’ssurprisedhowtoughherreadingassignmentis.C、Shethinksthebookisto
A、Thetextsaretherevealingofthetexters’characters.B、Thetextsarewellwrittenbythetexters.C、Thetextsareunaccepta
Lowlevelsofliteracyandnumeracyhaveadamagingimpactonalmosteveryaspectofadultlife,accordingtoasurveypublished
WriteacompositionentitledStudyinginCollegesorThroughInternet?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutl
随机试题
不同的人有不同的风格趋向,化妆应考虑其________、________、________、________以及顾客的________、________和________等因素,做到________。
班固用“感于哀乐,缘事而发”评价________的现实主义精神。
患者,男,38岁。因“反复牙龈出血、发热1周”入院。查体:T39.5℃,全身可见散在瘀斑,胸骨压痛(+),双侧腋窝可扪及数粒肿大浅表淋巴结,双下肺可闻湿性啰音,肝脾未触及。急性淋巴细胞白血病最常用的诱导缓解治疗药物有哪些
胎生网尾线虫寄生于
__________可代谢为苯巴比妥。
中国公民张某(未婚)为某文艺团的演员,2019年收入情况如下:(1)月工薪收入14800元(已扣除个人负担的三险一金),全年一次性奖金30000元,张某租住在重庆市郊区,月租金为2300元。(2)自编剧本取得某文工团给予的剧本使用费10000元。(3
下图为某城市房价等值线图。若乙处为新开楼盘,下列广告词中,能反映其优美自然环境的是()。
儿童在10岁以后,判断是非对错的标准不只依据社会规则和对权威的遵从,开始受自己主观情感的判断标准支配。这说明儿童这个时期的道德判断特点是()。
根据操作性条件作用论,在教育过程中,教师应多用正强化来塑造学生的良好行为,用不予强化的方法消除消极行为,同时要慎重对待惩罚。()
Internet的邮件传输协议标准为______。
最新回复
(
0
)