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  3. How Technology Pushes Down Price 1 Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food production and distri

How Technology Pushes Down Price 1 Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food production and distri

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问题                     How Technology Pushes Down Price
    1 Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food production and distribution technology. Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances. People who predicted that the world would run out of food were wrong. We are producing more and more food with less and less capital. Food is therefore more plentiful and cheaper than it has ever been. Spending on food compared with other goods has fallen for many years, and continues to drop.
    2 Supermarkets have helped push down prices mainly because of their scale. Like any big business, they can invest in IT systems that make them efficient. And their size allows them to buy in bulk. As supermarkets get bigger, the prices get lower.
    3 Huge retail companies such as Wal-Mart have tremendous power and they can put pressure on producers to cut their margins. As a result, some producers have had to make cuts. In recent years, Unilever has cut its workforce by 33, 000 to 245, 000 and dropped lots of its minor brands as part of its "path to growth" strategy. Cadbury has shut nearly 20 percent of its 133 factories and cut 10 percent of its 55, 000 global workforce. These cuts help keep costs down, and the price of food stays low.
    4 Does cheap food make people unhealthy?Cheap food may encourage people to eat more. Good companies certainly think that giving people more food for their money makes them buy more.
    Giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a better deal. That is why portions have got larger and larger. In America, soft drinks came in 80z(225g)cans in the past, then 120z(350g), and now come in 200z(550g)cans. If a company can sell you an 80z portion for $7, they can sell you a 120z portion for$8. The only extra cost to the company is the food, which probably costs 25 cents.
    5 Now companies are under pressure to stop selling bigger portions for less money. But it is hard to change the trend.
A. Huge retailers force producers to cut costs.
B. The low food prices will be continued
C. Technology helps reduce food prices.
D. Food comes cheaper in larger portions.
E. Chain stores provide better service.
F. Bigger supermarkets offer lower prices.
Paragraph 3______
选项
答案A
解析 文章第3段开头第1句“Huge retail companies such as Wal—Mart have tremendous power andthey can put pressure on producers to cut their margins”就表明各大零售商为了提供低价商品，通过向生产商加压而降低成本，所以A项“大零售商促使生产商减低成本”正确。故本题选A项。
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