首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
As we all know, sleep deprivation can lead to exhaustion-fueled mistakes in the workplace, whether they be a simple typo in a qu
As we all know, sleep deprivation can lead to exhaustion-fueled mistakes in the workplace, whether they be a simple typo in a qu
admin
2012-06-10
45
问题
As we all know, sleep deprivation can lead to exhaustion-fueled mistakes in the workplace, whether they be a simple typo in a quarterly report or life-threatening errors while operating machinery. But according to two business school professors, it can make people more unethical too.
In a forthcoming paper in the Academy of Management Journal, highlighted recently in the Financial Times, Michael Christian of the University of North Carolina’s Kenan-Flagler Business School and Aleksander Ellis of the University of Arizona’s Eller College of Management studied sleep-deprived nurses and students who’d pulled all-nighters in a sleep lab. They found that a lack of sleep led not just to poor performance on tasks that require " innovative thinking, risk analysis, and strategic planning" —though studies have shown all those to be true—but also to increased deviant and unethical behavior in both groups. Examples included rudeness, inappropriate responses and attempts to take more money than they’d earned.
How does this happen? Christian and Ellis write that sleep deprivation results in lower brain functioning, particularly in the prefrontal cortex, which contains the parts of the brain that control "executive" functions, such as inhibiting emotion and behavior. Sleep deprivation reduces the metabolism of glucose, which acts as brain food for these functions.
And why does this matter for leaders? In a global, always-on work world, responding to emails from the boss at midnight is considered normal and logging four hours of sleep a night to talk to colleagues in Bangalore is a regular occurrence. As a result, going without sleep has become a workplace badge of honor. Staying up all night to crunch on a deadline or taking red eye flights to meet clients on two continents in one day have replaced putting in a few hours on the weekend as evidence that you’re working hard.
The numbers the two professors cite in their paper are startling. According to the National Sleep Disorders Research Plan, sleep deprivation costs the U. S. economy some $150 billion annually in accidents and productivity losses. The percentage of Americans who sleep less than six hours a night has jumped from 13 percent to 20 percent between 1999 and 2009, according to the National Sleep Foundation.
The same group estimated that in 2009, one-third of Americans lost sleep thanks to financial distress. Who knows what that number is now.
Christian and Ellis show that sleep deprivation has worse effects than just the occasional mistake or error—rude behavior and deviance can cost organizations just as much, if not more. To help fight the problems of sleep deprivations, leaders should provide " sleep awareness training" (whatever that is) , monitor their workaholic cultures and provide more "restorative opportunities." And no, air traffic controllers, they’re not suggesting napping on the job. Just taking more frequent breaks.
Sleep deprivation affects people’s moral behavior because
选项
A、it destroys some major parts of the brain.
B、it hinders the absorption of nutrient in food.
C、it controls the executive functions of people.
D、it influences the normal operation of the brain.
答案
D
解析
细节题。文章在第三段中具体介绍了睡眠不足影响道德行为的原因。通读该段,主要依据第二句中的sleep deprivation results in lower brain functioning“睡眠不足的结果是大脑功能低下”可知D为本题答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/PCmK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Althoughsomestudentsgraduatefromhighschool,theyarevirtuallyilliterate______writingabusinessletter.
I’moneof.thestudents______neverlaterforschool.
Accordingtothenewsitem,manyCanadiansgatheredinMontreal
Thebackgardenofourhousecontainsalawn,__verypleasanttositoninsummer.
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.Butinmanyothercultureschildrenareexpectedtoca
Hewasorderedawayuponalong______totheice-coveredsouth,tomakewaruponthenativesthereandrobthemoftheirfurs.
ThanksgivingDayThanksgivingDayisoneofthemosttrulyAmericanholidaysintheUnitedStatesandismostcloselyconne
Threatsfromnomadicpeopleinthenorthwere【C1】______throughoutChinesehistory.TheywerecontinuallyattackingtheChinese
Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegood
Theoldhouseswereknockeddowninordertomake_____foranewpostoffice.
随机试题
法约尔认为,管理者行使的职能有( )
人身权作为专属权()
A.枯草芽胞杆菌、丁酸杆菌B.无色杆菌属C.芽胞杆菌属D.糖酵母菌属、大肠菌群E.红酵母属在食品腐败变质中,对蛋白质分解力强的细菌是
患者吐血色红或紫黯,脘腹胀闷,甚则作痛,口臭,便秘,舌红苔黄腻,脉滑数。治疗应首选( )。
不伤害原则是指
根据《互联网药品交易服务审批暂行规定》,下列叙述错误的是
工业化发展的结果是()。
云南地处世界两大生物多样性热点地区的交界处,高海拔的青藏高原在云南迅速过渡到低海拔的马来半岛。云南的大部分河流都是南北走向,热带动植物随着北上的湿热空气,一直深入到云南的大部分地区。因此,云南在4%的国土面积上拥有全国50%以上的植物种类,70%以上的动物
在重大节日、喜庆仪式、隆重典礼、重大活动或对方取得成功或胜利时,用来表示祝贺的礼仪性文书是()。
日常生活中经常可以依靠动物的某些行为预判天气,下列对应正确的是:
最新回复
(
0
)