2. 外语
  3. When you read in English, you are likely to come across words or phrases that you don’t understand. Looking these up in a dictio

When you read in English, you are likely to come across words or phrases that you don’t understand. Looking these up in a dictio

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问题    When you read in English, you are likely to come across words or phrases that you don’t understand. Looking these up in a dictionary can be very time-consuming and frustrating, how ever. This makes it difficult to enjoy reading, and it is impractical as well, if you have to read pages at a time.
   When you read in your native language, what do you do if you come across a word that you don’t know? You may occasionally check with a dictionary, but most of the time you guess the meanings of unfamiliar words from the context. You can do the same when you read in English.
   If you don’t know the word "euphemism" and you read it in the sentence, "Pass away is a euphemism for die." How do you figure out what it means without looking in a dictionary? If you look at the other major words in the sentence--pass away and die--you see that they mean almost the same thing, but that pass away is an indirect or less harsh way of saying die. There fore, a euphemism must be an indirect or less harsh way of saying something. You are able to figure out the meaning of a word that you didn’t know by looking for clues in the context.
   Sometimes an author will tell you the meaning of an unfamiliar word, or restate the idea in a way that gives you a clue to the meaning of the unfamiliar word. The sentence "His ideas are really half-baked; he just does not think them out well," is an example of a restatement of the idea. The second half of the sentence restates the idea of the first, so half-baked means "not thought out well".
   An author may also give an example or illustration of an unfamiliar word. In the sentence, "I was very apprehensive, as if I were waiting to see the dentist," the feeling being described is compared with the common experience of waiting to see the dentist. How do you feel when waiting to see the dentist? You probably feel nervous about what might happen, and that’s what apprehensive means.
   Another kind of clue to look for is a word or phrase that is contrasted with the unfamiliar word. In the sentence, "When you remember how shy he used to be, it’s hard to believe how outgoing he is now." the word shy, which you probably know, is contrasted with the word outgoing, which may be unfamiliar. Since the opposite of shy is friendly, or eager to mix socially, you can guess what outgoing probably means.
   You Should keep in mind that it is not always necessary to understand the exact meaning of a word when you are reading. If you are able to get a general idea of the meaning of an unfamiliar word, that is sufficient for most types of reading.
Which of the following techniques is NOT mentioned in this article?
选项 A、Telling the meaning of an unfamiliar word directly.
B、Bringing out the meaning of an unfamiliar word in different words.
C、Explaining an unfamiliar word by examples.
D、Comparing an unfamiliar word with common experience.
答案A
解析 判断是非题。选项B的内容在第四段提到，即half-baked一词的例子，选项C的内容在第三段提到，即euphemism一词的例子，选项D的内容在第五段提到，即apprehensive一词的例子。只有选项A在文章中没有提及，是正确答案。
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