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  3. The best way to use Earth’ s resources more sensibly is to reduce the amounts of things that we use and to reuse things instead

The best way to use Earth’ s resources more sensibly is to reduce the amounts of things that we use and to reuse things instead

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问题     The best way to use Earth’ s resources more sensibly is to reduce the amounts of things that we use and to reuse things instead of throwing them away. If we can’ t reduce or reuse, we must throw things away. Recycling them is far better than simply tossing them out in the trash.
    When you throw stuff away, you might be very glad to get rid of it: into the trash it goes, never to be seen again! Unfortunately, that’ s not the end of the story. The things we throw away have to go somewhere—usually they go off to underground in a landfill (垃圾填埋场) or burnt. Landfills can be horribly polluting. They look awful, they take up space that could be used for better things, and they sometimes create toxic soil and water pollution that can kill fish in our rivers and seas.
    One of the worst things about landfills is that they’ re wasting a huge amount of potentially useful material. It takes a lot of energy and a lot of resources to make things and when we throw those things in a landfill, at the end of their lives, we’ re also saying goodbye to all the energy and resources they contain. Some authorities like to burn their trash in giant incinerators(焚化炉) instead of burying it in landfills. That certainly has advantages; it reduces the amount of waste that has to be buried and it can generate useful energy. But it can also produce toxic air pollution and burning almost anything (except plants that have grown very recently) adds to the problem of global warming and climate change.
    The trouble is, we’ re all in the habit of throwing stuff away. In the early part of the 20th century, people used materials much more wisely—especially in World War II, when many raw materials were in short supply. But in recent decades we’ ve become a very single use society. We tend to buy new things instead of getting old ones repaired. A lot of men use disposable razors, for example, instead of buying reusable ones, while a lot of women wear one-time nylon stockings. Partly this is to do with the convenience of throwaway items. It’ s also because they’ re cheap. But that wasteful period in our history is coming to an end.
The meaning of the underlined phrase in Paragraph 2 is _________.
选项 A、clean
B、pollute
C、occupy
D、burn
答案C
解析 第二段。被人类丢弃的东西并不是彻底消失，而是进了垃圾填埋场或被焚烧。They(垃圾填埋场)take up space that could be used for better things. That引导的定语从句修饰space，可以用来做更好的事情的空间。由此推断take up有占据之意。垃圾填埋场占了本可以做别的事情的地方。选项C正确。
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