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  3. Mexico Puts Its Children on a Diet Fran Buckley, 62, a Jupiter, Fla. , real estate agent, realized last fall that she wasn’t

Mexico Puts Its Children on a Diet Fran Buckley, 62, a Jupiter, Fla. , real estate agent, realized last fall that she wasn’t

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问题                         Mexico Puts Its Children on a Diet
    Fran Buckley, 62, a Jupiter, Fla. , real estate agent, realized last fall that she wasn’t leading the life she wanted to lead, and she blamed it on her weight.
    She wasn’t golfing because her stomach made it awkward, she says. She wasn’t visiting family or old friends because she didn’t want them to see how much she had gained. And she wasn’t wearing the clothing styles she liked. She knew she had to lose weight soon or "I was going to be a fat person until I died." So she started following an eating plan and walking program designed especially for this year’s seventh annual USA TODAY Weight-Loss Challenge, which starts today. And since late September, Buckley, who is 5-foot-4, has lost 28 pounds, dropping from 226 to 198. She hopes to lose 50 more on the program.
    The challenge was created in 2004 to offer nutrition and fitness guidance. The goal of this year’s plan: Lose 10 pounds in 10 weeks.
    Buckley is one of the readers who volunteered to try out the program this past fall. Stories about readers who have trimmed down on the program will be featured every Monday through early March in the newspaper and at dietchallenge.usatoday.com.
    The advice offered in this year’s challenge is based on the latest scientific evidence, which shows that dieters generally lose about 5% to 10% of their starting weight in the first three to six months on a program. For many people, that’s a loss of 10 to 20 pounds. After that, losing weight often gets more difficult.
    One reason it’s hard to trim down more and keep it off is that there’s a cascade(瀑布状物)of biological responses designed to return dieters to their pre-diet levels. A hunger hormone called ghrelin(胃饥饿素)increases, and a fullness hormone called leptin(瘦素)decreases, research shows.
    "Regardless of these hormone shifts, it is still possible to lose some weight and keep it off,’ says Dawn Jackson Blatner, a registered dietitian in Chicago and author of The Flexitarian Diet. "You just need to focus on making realistic diet and exercise changes."
    Blatner created the eating plan that is outlined this week in the newspaper and on our website. She has helped thousands of people lose weight and has found that dieters are most likely to succeed if they have flexible meal plans that include foods they enjoy. Her meals are designed to help people limit calories while eating a diet high in fiber, moderate in satisfying protein and low in saturated(animal)fat.
    To follow this plan, it’s crucial that dieters figure out how many calories they can consume to lose weight.
    To lose a pound a week, you have to burn 3 500 calories more than you consume. So you must increase your physical activity and decrease calories to create a deficit of 500 calories a day.
    Blatner created mix-and-match menus so that all the breakfasts are about 300 calories, lunches about 400, dinners about 500 and snacks about 150 calories. The plan includes simple recipes you can make at home and meals you can order when you’re dining out at restaurants or fast-food places.
    Buckley has adhered closely to the program over the past three months. The way she’s eating now is a far cry from her former habits. She blames her weight gain over the years on "bingeing, overeating, no portion control and not planning my meals. I am lucky I didn’t weigh more than 226 pounds."
    She has learned that she has control over what she eats. "At luncheons and dinners out, when other people have a roll and butter, I don’t. When people eat desserts, I pass." But she says she doesn’t feel deprived and rarely feels hungry. And she has made great strides with exercise. She and her sister, Jonna Convery, 54, walk 3 miles every morning, and Buckley walks another mile in the evening. "The 3-mile walk was taking us 50 minutes, and now it’s taking us 41 minutes. We’re doing a mile in less than 15 minutes. That’s mega," she says.
    Another person who responded to USA TODAY’s request for people to try the program was Andre Gratton, 43, of Cherryville, N. C. When it comes to losing weight, Gratton has the diet deck stacked against him. He travels frequently for his job, sits almost all day in meetings, airports and airplanes, and has a difficult time fitting exercise into his busy schedule. On top of all that, he’s a gourmet(制作美食的)cook, and he adores ice cream and bread pudding.
    "I love to cook and eat. For my job, I eat out all the time and eat at the best restaurants all over the country, so it’s tough to stick to a diet plan," says Gratton, who manages a national staff that installs computer programs for Choice Hotels International.
    But despite these daily challenges, Gratton has cut calories dramatically and exercised regularly for the past few months and has lost 40 pounds. At 5-foot-9, he weighs 270, down from a high of 310. "I knew when I committed to the challenge the weight would come off fast, and so far, it has," he says. He intends to lose 50 more pounds. He estimates he was consuming about 6 000 calories a day before he started the program, and now he’s down to 2 000. He has made several changes that contributed to the dramatic cut in calories, including:
    Cutting way back on desserts and ice cream.
    Carefully reviewing restaurant menus and choosing foods that contain a reasonable number of calories.
    Drinking his coffee black instead of with cream. He has two to four cups a day. "I thought it was going to be really hard, but I eliminated cream the first day and haven’t looked back. Just this morning, I thought how good my coffee tastes."
    Exercising regularly. He alternates weight training one day and working out on the elliptical for 15 minutes the next.
    Gratton, a single dad, says he knew he was making progress with his weight loss when his 16-year-old daughter, Katie, told him she was proud of how good he looked. He asked her how she could tell he had lost weight. Her response: "Your stomach no longer touches the steering wheel when you drive. "
    As for Buckley, she says now that she has started down the weight-loss path, she doesn’t plan to get off it until she has reached her goal. "I am changing a little bit daily and have given myself a goal to reach a healthy weight within a year. "
According to Dawn Jackson Blatner, dieters are still able to lose some weight if they______.
选项 A、return to their pre-diet levels
B、increase the hunger hormone
C、lower the fullness hormone
D、make practical diet and change the exercise
答案D
解析 细节辨认题。文中说尽管有一些荷尔蒙的变化，但只要你注意制订合理的饮食计划和改变运动方式，仍有可能减掉一些体重，由此不难得出答案为D)。
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