首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a less restrictive concept than that implied in everyd
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a less restrictive concept than that implied in everyd
admin
2013-06-02
40
问题
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a less restrictive concept than that implied in everyday speech. In social science, culture is all that in human society which is socially rather than biologically transmitted, whereas the commonsense usage tends to【C1】______ only to the arts. Culture is thus a general term for the symbolic and learned aspects of human society, although some animal behaviourists now【C2】______ that certain primates (灵长类动物) have at least the capacity for culture.
Social anthropological ideas of culture are based to a great【C3】______ on the definition given by Edward Tylor in 1871, in which he referred to a learned complex of knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, and custom. This definition implies that culture and civilization are one and the same. But this equation, although possible in English and French usage, runs【C4】______ to the German distinction between Kultur and Zivilisation, the former referring to symbols and values, while the latter deals with the organization of society. Archaeological usage, though【C5】______ the wholeness of human societies, makes a distinction between material culture and practices and beliefs, the non-material or adaptive culture transmitted by teaching and tradition. Only material culture is【C6】______ to archaeology, whereas adaptive culture is the subject of history, sociology, and anthropology.
For nineteenth century anthropologists, such as Tylor and Lewis Henry Morgan, culture was a conscious creation of human rationality. Civilization and culture, in this conception, showed a progressive tendency towards what were regarded as higher moral values, and this enabled the Victorian mind to construct a【C7】______ of cultures or civilizations which provided a rationale for colonial activities by apparently higher-order Western civilizations.
In America, it is sometimes argued that the concept of culture can provide ways of explaining and understanding human behaviour, belief systems, values, and【C8】______ , as well as particular culturally specific personality types.
In cultural anthropology, analysis of culture may proceed at three levels: learned patterns of behaviour; aspects of culture that act below conscious levels (such as the deep level of grammar and【C9】______ in language, of which a native language speaker is seldom aware); and patterns of thought and 【C10】______ , which are also culturally determined.
A. ideologies I. extent
B. perception J. counter
C. hierarchy K. dissipate
D. junk L. acknowledging
E. grandeur M. teeming
F. point N. accessible
G. syntax O. assert
H. forfeit
【C2】
选项
答案
O
解析
assert动词,意为“断言”。本句的意思是一些动物行为学家坚持认为某些灵长类动物至少具有文化习性。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/PM67777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Ahundredyearsagoitwasscientifically"proved"byeconomiststhatthelawsofsocietymadeitnecessarytohaveavastarmy
A、Kingsandqueens,princesandprincesses,andlordsandladiesbuiltcastlesinordertogetmoreland.B、Aroundtheoutsideo
A、TheislandsareverydifferentfromtheNorth.B、TheislandsareagreatdistancefromtheNorth.C、Theislandsaresimilarto
InAmericanhighschoolstoday,it’stakenasagiventhatextracurricular(课外的)activitiesbringstudentsofdifferentracesto
OntheLosingofTraditionalCulture1.现在许多传统文化正慢慢消失2.传统文化消失的原因3.我的看法
A、It’sneartheMexicoCity.B、It’sinGuatemala.C、It’sstretchedfromtheplainsofcentralMexicotothemountainsofGuatema
DaphnaEdwardsZimanisoneofthefamousmothersinAmericanhistory.Sheisthemotherofan(36)______child,forWhomsheha
TheUnitedStatescourtsystem,aspartofthefederalsystemofgovernment,ischaracterizedbydualhierarchies.Therearebot
A、Becauseshecouldgraspthecustomers’feeling.B、Becauseshehasestablishedsuccessfulbrands.C、Becausesheisaskillfulw
Ourbodiesarewonderfullyskilfulatmaintainingbalance.Whenthetemperaturejumps,wesweattocooldown.Whenourbloodpre
随机试题
陕西出土的秦始皇兵马俑,其表面涂有生漆和影烩,这为研究秦代军人的服色提供了重要信息。但兵马俑出土后,表面的生漆会很快发生翘和卷曲,造成整个彩绘层脱落,因此,必须用防护液和单体渗透两套方法进行保护,否则不能供研究使用。而一旦采用这两套方法对兵马俑进行保护,就
男,7岁,上中切牙已萌出,两中切牙问有间隙,家长自行将正畸用的橡皮圈套在两中切牙上,数周内形成的结果是
某翁年过七旬,素体丰盛,眩晕常作,近日眩晕加重,头胀痛,烦躁,神志清楚,面时潮红,手足有轻微震颤,舌红少苔,脉弦。首先应考虑
心脏触及震颤多由于
男,78岁。1天前凌晨醒来发现失语,右上肢活动无力进行性加重,但意识清,脑脊液检查无异常。最有可能的诊断是()
以下属于遗传因素对药物作用影响的是
A注册会计师是X公司2009年度财务报表审计业务的项目负责人。在确定未更正错报对财务报表的影响时,遇到以下问题。请代为做出正确的专业判断。在分析X公司20×9年末存在的与应收账款相关的错报对财务报表的影响时,A注册会计师需要考虑错报的牵扯性大小。假定下
市场经济催生了一些新的积极的道德观念,你认为不属于其中的是()。
贝壳堤由死亡的贝类生物在海岸带堆积而成。在沿海地区经常分布着多条贝壳堤,标志着海岸线位置的变化。下图示意渤海湾沿岸某地区贝壳堤的分布。据此完成问题。在任一条贝壳堤的形成过程中,海岸线()。
某单位在大年初一、初二、初三安排6个人值班,他们是G、H、K、L、P、S,每天需要2人值班。人员安排要满足以下条件:(1)L与P必须在同一天值班。(2)G与H不能在同一天值班。(3)如果K在初一值班,那么G在初二值班。(4)如果S在初三值班,那么
最新回复
(
0
)