首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
For the average American living in the United States is like having more than half a million dollars in wealth. So says a new st
For the average American living in the United States is like having more than half a million dollars in wealth. So says a new st
admin
2015-09-30
67
问题
For the average American living in the United States is like having more than half a million dollars in wealth. So says a new study from the World Bank, Where is the Wealth of Nations?: Measuring Capital for the 21st Century, which makes estimates of the contribution of natural, produced, and intangible capital to the aggregate wealth of 120 countries.
Why are Americans so well off? It’s not just because of America’s fruited plains and its alabaster cities. In fact, it turns out that such natural and man-made resources comprise a relatively small percentage of our wealth.
The World Bank study begins by defining natural capital as the sum of nonrenewable resources(including oil, natural gas, coal, and mineral resources), cropland, pastureland, forested areas, and protected areas. Produced capital is what many of us think of when we think of capital. It is the sum of machinery, equipment, and structures(including infrastructure)and urban land. The Bank then identifies intangible capital as the difference between total wealth and all produced and natural capital. Intangible capital encompasses raw labor; human capital, which includes the sum of the knowledge, skills, and know-how possessed by population; as well as the level of trust in a society and the quality of its formal and informal social institutions.
Once the analytical framework is set up, what the researchers at the World Bank find is fascinating. "The most striking aspect of the wealth estimates is the high values for intangible capital. Nearly 85 percent of the countries in our sample have an intangible capital share of total wealth greater than 50 percent," write the researchers. They further note that years of schooling and a rule-of-law index can account for 90 percent of the variation in intangible capital. In other words, the more highly educated a country’s people are and the more honest and fair its legal system is, the wealthier it is.
Let’s consider a few cases. The country with the highest per capita wealth is Switzerland at $ 648,000. The United States is fourth at $ 513,000.
So if every American has $ 513,000 in capital, where is it? The vast majority of it is amassed in our political and economic institutions and our educations. The natural wealth in rich countries like the U. S. is a tiny proportion of their overall wealth—typically 1 to 3 percent—yet they have higher amounts of natural capital than poor countries. Cropland, pastures and forests are more valuable in rich countries because they can be combined with other capital like machinery and strong property rights to produce more value. Machinery, buildings, roads, and so forth account for 17 percent of the rich countries’ total wealth. And 80 percent of the wealth of rich countries consists of intangible capital. "Rich countries are largely rich because of the skills of their populations and the quality of the institutions supporting economic activity," argues the World Bank study.
By saying "the analytical framework" in the 4th paragraph, the author refers to______.
选项
A、what intangible capital encompasses
B、the definition of three kinds of capital
C、the approach taken for scientific inquiry
D、both formal and informal social institutions
答案
B
解析
第三段是“the world Bank study”对三种资产下的定义。根据第三、四段的上下文,B应为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/PRzZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Cultureisactivityofthought,andreceptivenesstobeautyandhumanefeeling.【C1】______ofinformationhavenothingtodowith
Cultureisactivityofthought,andreceptivenesstobeautyandhumanefeeling.【C1】______ofinformationhavenothingtodowith
Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ChoosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA—Gtofitintoeachofthe
Everyonemusthavehadatleastonepersonalexperiencewithacomputererrorbythistime.Bankbalancesaresuddenlyreported
Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoa
Whatimpactcanmobilephoneshaveontheirusers’health?Manypeopleworryaboutthesupposedilleffectscausedbyradiation
Whatimpactcanmobilephoneshaveontheirusers’health?Manypeopleworryaboutthesupposedilleffectscausedbyradiation
What’syourearliestmemory?Doyourememberlearningtowalk?Thebirthofasibling?Nurseryschool?Adultsrarelyrememberev
Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthenewschool?Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat______.
ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorfsassertionthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Te
随机试题
下列描述中,正确的是()。
铝的化学活泼性很高,容易在空气中与氧形成牢固、致密的氧化膜。
全口义齿排牙时,要求各牙之间紧密接触。若上后牙排列时,接触紧,下后牙接触松,出现的主要问题是A.上颌人工牙不易脱落B.下颌人工牙易脱落C.上、下颌义齿不协调影响美观D.无法形成良好的正中关系E.下颌义齿易食嵌
旋转阳极X线管阳极启动时间一般是
2014年中国生产某化工产品的企业向商务帮提出了反倾销调查的申请,针对甲、乙、丙三国企业向中国出口的某化工产品,理由是其化工产品的价格过低。根据相关规则,下列哪些选项是正确的?()
背景资料:某五层框架结构标准厂房工程,工程结构简单、开工前施工图纸齐全,且现场已达三通一平标准,建设单位决定采用邀请招标的方式招标,最终确定A单位为总承包单位,并根据《建设工程施工合同(示范文本)》(GF一2013一0201)与A单位签订总承包施
根据《中华人民共和国海关法》对保税货物的定义,下列各项中属于保税货物的是()。
在申请授信的客户中,下列()客户需要特别提供董事会或发包人同意申请授信业务的决议、文件或具有同等法律效力的文件或证明。
下列关于商标使用许可合同的表述,正确的是
查询“学生成绩”表中所有不是姓“李”的学生记录,其SQL语句为:SELECT*FROM学生成绩wHERE姓名__________“李%”。
最新回复
(
0
)