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Improving the balance between the working part of the day and the rest of it is a goal of a growing number of workers in rich We

admin2015-03-25  12
问题     Improving the balance between the working part of the day and the rest of it is a goal of a growing number of workers in rich Western countries. Some are turning away from the ideals of their parents, for whom work always came first; others with scarce skills are demanding more because they know they can get it. Employers, caught between a falling population of workers and tight controls on immigration, are eager to identify extra perks that will lure more "talent" their way. Just now they are focusing on benefits(especially flexible working)that offer employees more than just pay.
    Some companies saw the change of mood some time ago. IBM has more than 50 different programmes promoting work-life balance and Bank of America over 30. But plenty of other firms remain unconvinced and many lack the capacity to cater to such ideas even if they wanted to. Helen Murlis, with Hay Group, a human-resources consultancy, sees a widening gap between firms "at the creative end of employment" and those that are not.
    The chief component of almost all schemes to promote work-life balance is flexible working. This allows people to escape rigid nine-to-five schedules and work away from a formal office. IBM says that 40% of its employees today work off the company premises. For many businesses, flexible working is a necessity. Globalization has spread the hours in which workers need to communicate with each other and increased the call for flexible shifts.
    Nella Barkley, an American who advises companies on work-life balance, says that large firms are beginning to understand the value of such schemes, "but only slowly". For most of them, they still mean little more than child care, health care and flexible working.
    To some extent, the proliferation of work-life-balance schemes is a function of today’s labour market. Companies in knowledge-based industries worry about the shortage of skills and how they are going to persuade talented people to work for them. Although white-collar workers are more likely to be laid off nowadays, they are also likely to get rehired. Unemployment among college graduates in America is just over 2%. The same competition for scarce talent is evident in Britain.
    For some time to come, talented people in the West will demand more from employers, and clever employers will create new gewgaws to attract them to join. Those employers should note that for a growing number of these workers the most appealing gewgaw of all is the freedom to work as and when they please.
According to the passage, work-life balance schemes
选项 A、are now adopted by many large firms.
B、mainly contain child care, health care and flexible working.
C、are welcomed by white-collar workers.
D、are the natural result of labour force competition.
答案D
解析 推理判断题。根据题干中的work-life balance schemes定位至第五段首句：从某种程度上而言，推动工作和生活之间平衡的计划的增多是由现在的劳动力市场造成的。第二句指出：知识型产业的公司担心技术工人的短缺以及如何说服人才为他们工作。由此可以推断，work-life-balanceschemes的增多是劳动力市场竞争的结果，故[D]为答案。文中只是提到schemes增多，没有具体提到大公司，故排除[A]；第四段指出大公司对工作和生活平衡计划的看法：无外乎就是儿童保育、医疗保健、弹性工作制等福利。这是大公司的看法，不是计划涉及的具体内容，故排除[B]；第五段第三句提到白领们，但没有说明他们对schemes的看法，故排除[C]。
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