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  3. As every politician knows, it is important to address problems, but even more important to demonstrate that you are addressing t

As every politician knows, it is important to address problems, but even more important to demonstrate that you are addressing t

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问题    As every politician knows, it is important to address problems, but even more important to demonstrate that you are addressing them. When it comes to research misconduct, UK universities are failing on both points.
   The United Kingdom has no regulatory body to deal with research misconduct. Instead, since three years ago universities have had to adhere to a set of guidelines in order to receive grants from major funders. Called The Concordat (协定) to Support Research Integrity, the guidelines detail good practice and aim to strengthen the mechanisms available for investigating misconduct They also call on universities to publish annual summaries of their formal misconduct investigations.
   【F1】British universities are image-conscious, especially since the 1998 introduction of tuition fees established a marketplace, and it is understandable that many are reluctant to publish the figures. 【F2】The few that do publish reports risk being singled out as having a problem, when in fact the reverse is true —such investigations show that the institution has processes to detect and deal with misconduct. But almost 2% of researchers admit to having fabricated, falsified or modified data at least once. Pretending that misconduct does not happen is no longer an option.
   Discussion at a research-integrity conference in London suggested that many institutions have just been slow to publish details of their misconduct investigations, rather than aiming to avoid it entirely. 【F3】It also emerged that staff who oversee research integrity in universities, and who are still working out how to ensure that their institutions adhere to the concordat feel under-resourced.
   For those universities that do have adequate systems to report and deal with misconduct, making investigation summaries public would be an easy win. 【F4】Those institutions that have yet to make such systems a priority should remember that the concordat was introduced because UK systems for dealing with issues of research integrity had been judged inadequate by a parliamentary enquiry. Unlike in the United States, where the Office of Research Integrity oversees formal misconduct investigations related to research funded by the US National Institutes of Health, or Ireland, which plans to subject labs to spot-checks from auditors, UK universities have been allowed to police themselves.
   Research misconduct is a fact, and institutions should not feel that they will be penalized for investigating cases promptly and fairly. The best way to change perceptions is to ensure full compliance. 【F5】If every university acknowledges the issue, then the risk of being an outlier disappears, and only those institutions that choose not to publish will be the subject of suspicion and public scrutiny.
【F3】
选项
答案此讨论也反映出，在大学里监督研究诚信的工作人员以及还在摸索如何确保其所在机构遵循协定的工作人员，感到人手不足。
解析 ①本句为复合句，是对前一句中Discussion at a research-integrity conference in London“在伦敦举行的一次研究诚信会议讨论”成果的进一步说明。It为形式主语，真正的主语由第一个that引导的主语从句充当，说明讨论的另外发现。②that引导的主语从句主干为简单的主系表结构(staff feel under-resourced)，从句主语staff由and连接的两个并列定语从句修饰，说明这两类staff“职员，工作人员”的特点。③第一个who引导的定语从句中，in universities作地点状语成分；第二个who引导的定语从句中包含that引导的从句，作ensure“确保”的宾语，说明第二类staff想实现的目标。
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