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  3. College students are paying more. They are taking on more debt. They are accepting worse jobs after they graduate and earning le

College students are paying more. They are taking on more debt. They are accepting worse jobs after they graduate and earning le

admin2015-07-05  98
问题     College students are paying more. They are taking on more debt. They are accepting worse jobs after they graduate and earning less than they did just five years ago. So how could it possibly be true that college is more important than ever? The answer is sunscreen.
    College in today’s economy is like sunscreen on a scorchingly (炙热地) hot afternoon: You have to see the people who didn’t apply it to fully appreciate how important it is. The same way a scorching sun both makes sunscreen feel ineffective and makes it more crucial than ever, recessions can both make a college degree seem ineffective and make it more important than ever.
    One of the confusing things about college is that it’s hard to keep straight its price, cost, and value. The sticker price of college—that is, the published tuition—isn’t paid by most middle-class students, who receive grants, tuition breaks, and tax benefits. The average net price of a bachelor’s degree is still 55 percent lower than the sticker price today. For many students, tax benefits eliminate the full cost of an associate’s degree. College is much cheaper than advertised.
    But the true cost of higher education isn’t just the money you pay to attend school. It’s also the earnings you give up in the workforce. These lost earnings are quite apparent to, say, MBA applicants skipping $70,000 jobs to go to business school. Recessions lower the true cost of college because they make it easier to ignore the labor market for a few years and settle in for a degree. Even as the tuition cost of college has grown recently, the opportunity cost of college has fallen in the last few years because of the sick economy. The upshot is that, shockingly, the New York Fed found that the average "total" cost of a four-year degree isn’t much higher than it was 40 years ago.
    It’s a myth that the average wage of college grads is always rising. In fact, college-grad wages have spent as much time falling as rising since the 1970s. Real college wages fell between 1970 and 1982, rose between 1982 and the mid-2000s, and now they’re falling again. But everybody else’s wages are falling even faster. The "college premium" is still near all-time highs.
    The Internet is keenly excited today over a new Brookings study claiming that the student-loan crisis isn’t actually a crisis, since there’s no evidence that debtors are devoting a higher share of their monthly income to student loan payments. A second point it makes is clear and validated (验证) by other surveys by the New York Fed: Although student debtors owing more than $50,000 make up an outsized share of media reports about student debt, they make up a small share (less than 10 percent) of overall student debtors.
Many students don’t need to pay the tuition fees for their associate’s degree because of________.
选项 A、grants
B、scholarships
C、tuition waivers
D、tax benefits
答案D
解析 事实细节题。定位句指出，对于许多学生而言，税务优惠免掉了副学士学位的全部成本，也就是说，许多学生不需要支付其副学士学位的学费是因为税务优惠，故答案为D)。A)“助学金”和C)“学费减免”在第三段第二句中有所提及，即助学金和学费减免是大部分中产阶级学生并未支付大学公布的学费的原因，而非学生不支付其副学士学位学费的原因，该选项是对原文的曲解，故排除；B)“奖学金”，原文并未提及，故排除。
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