首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Boeing’s Labour Problems—Moving Factories to Flee Unions A) With corporate offices in Chicago, Boeing employs more than 165,
Boeing’s Labour Problems—Moving Factories to Flee Unions A) With corporate offices in Chicago, Boeing employs more than 165,
admin
2022-01-18
132
问题
Boeing’s Labour Problems—Moving Factories to Flee Unions
A) With corporate offices in Chicago, Boeing employs more than 165,000 people across the United States and in 70 countries. The company claims this represents one of the most diverse, talented and innovative workforces anywhere, and, in these workforces, more than 123,000 employees hold college degrees—including nearly 32,000 advanced degrees—in virtually every business and technical field from approximately 2, 700 colleges and universities worldwide. The enterprise also says it leverages (充分利用) the talents of hundreds of thousands more skilled people working for Boeing suppliers worldwide. Yet with this talented and high-quality labour force, labour-capital issues often occur.
B) Boeing decided a few years ago to build its 787 Dreamliner in South Carolina, the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) opines (认为), because it was afraid its union in Washington was too strong. South Carolina is a "right-to-work" state: Title 41, Chapter 7 of the state code makes it illegal for companies and unions to sign a contract in which anyone who works at the company has to join the union. That makes it extremely difficult to organise effective unions, and Boeing hoped it wouldn’t have as many strikes at a plant in South Carolina as it had experienced at its plants in Seattle in recent years. The unions sued over the move, and the National Labor Relations Board has now awarded them a preliminary order blocking the factory from operating until an investigation into whether the company’s shift of production to a union-hostile state in order to avoid union activity constituted anti -union animus (敌意).
C) To lay the groundwork here, it’s important to understand what "right-to-work" means. It doesn’t mean "the government stays out of the labour negotiations business". Right-to-work laws specifically ban employers and unions from signing contracts stipulating that anyone who works at the company has to join the union. That’s a basic step that unions always try to negotiate for, since without it they find it very hard to establish themselves as the negotiating partner with management.
D) Anyway, here’s the sentence I found most amusing in the WSJ’s editorial; "Boeing management did what it judged to be best for its shareholders and customers and looked elsewhere. " Boeing’s motivation for shifting production to an anti-union state was not to benefit customers. If Boeing felt it could raise prices for the airplanes it builds without losing market share, it would do so in a second, regardless of whether that was " best for its customers". Companies try to lower operating costs in order to raise profits or cut prices and win market share, not out of a selfless desire to benefit customers.
E) But the more important flaw here is that the reason why Boeing might have judged its decision to move production to South Carolina "best for its shareholders" was that it didn’t think it violated labour law to flee your union. If it did violate labour law, then Boeing made a bad decision and delivered negative value to its shareholders. To put things another way, if America had labour laws that were uniform from state to state like any other normal economic power, rather than a race-to-the-bottom system where states are pressured to weaken labour laws in order to entice (诱惑) employers, then there would have been no reason for Boeing to move production. There is simply no moral content to Boeing’s decision to move production to South Carolina. Boeing doesn’t get brownie points for engaging in regulatory arbitrage (套利) and stiffing its unions just because it judged that move to be best for shareholders. Congratulating Boeing for trying to deliver shareholder value is like congratulating it for building and selling airplanes. That’s simply what the company does. Boeing’s decision was a judgment about how to play, given its evaluation of the rules of the game. The question of whether companies should be allowed to flee their unions is a question about what the rules of the game ought to be, in order to deliver value to the economy and to society.
F) So, should companies be barred from moving production to a right-to-work state to flee their unions? Niklas Blanchard thinks not. He calls it "protectionism". "While I don’t begrudge (不乐意给) the right for unions to form and attempt to bargain, I also don’t begrudge the right of management the say, ’ FU, we’re going somewhere else’. In an ideal world, they would do this free of government playing for either side. But in this case, we have the government contemplating restricting capital flows between states! The United States, as understood properly, is the largest free trade area in the world. That has been a huge comparative advantage for the US historically, and arguably the reason that we are at the top of the world economic pyramid today. Restricting the flow of capital makes us poorer by reducing productive employment, and increasing prices. It’s a very poor precedent to set. "
G) I think this is a confusing analogy. Mr Blanchard may be right that, given that labour and other business laws differ from state to state, the United States might best be understood as the world’s largest free trade area, rather than a single country. But does anyone think that the United States would be a dramatically less prosperous country if it had uniform labour and business law throughout its territory? Have right-to-work laws in 22 states made such an immense contribution to American prosperity that without them America would not be the world’s largest and wealthiest economy? Really? Seriously? Would American technological ingenuity have been crippled if the whole country had to follow the labour laws that obtain in Silicon Valley?
H) I don’t think so. I think if there were no right-to-work states, American GDP wouldn’t be significantly different than it is today. And if America did have uniform labour laws, then Boeing’s decision as to whether to produce in Puget Sound or South Carolina would have nothing whatsoever to do with unions. If labour laws in South Carolina and Washington were equivalent, the only thing the workers in Puget Sound would have to worry about is whether their demands would lead the company to lose market share or to move production overseas. The first might be a real worry; the latter is a marginal issue for Boeing workers because the company is a defence industry-supported national champion firm.
I) Now maybe unionised Boeing workers should be more worried about hurting the company’s market share as it competes with the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS) and with regional-jet builders like Embraer and Bombardier. It certainly sounds like the company has a strike problem. But EADS’s labour force is hardly non-unionised. If Boeing is having more trouble with its unions than its competitors are, it’s possible that the fault lies with the company, rather than with the unions. What’s happening here is that anti-labour laws in certain states allow companies to shift investment to those states in order to get around their unions. And efforts by unions to block that manoeuvre (策略) can then be condemned as "restrictions on capital flow". The issue isn’t freedom of capital. The issue is whether employers can use a threat to move production to a union-hostile state as a negotiating tactic in collective bargaining.
Niklas Blanchard holds the view that restricting the flow of capital is a very poor precedent to set.
选项
答案
F
解析
由题干中的restricting the flow of capital和poor precedent定位到F)段最后两句。细节推断题。由定位句可知,通过减少生产性就业和提高价格来限制资本流动会使我们更贫穷,这将是一个非常糟糕的先例。因此,答案为F)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Ptx7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Industrialfishingforkrill(磷虾)intheunspoiltwatersaroundAntarcticaisthreateningthefutureofoneoftheworld’slast
Whatawasteofmoney!Inreturnforanaverageof£44,000ofdebt,studentsgetanaverageofonly14hoursoflectureandtuto
A、Hehasopenedanewaccount.B、Something’swrongwithhisaccount.C、Hebegantopayacarloan.D、Hehadtodealwithafinan
Children’sHealthcareofAtlantawantstomoveGeorgiaoutofthetop10listforchildhoodobesity(肥胖),officialssaid.
A、Companieswerefightingforthegamingmarket.B、Theysawhigheconomicreturnsinthebusiness.C、Moreandmorepeoplewereu
Makingchoicesishard.ThatwouldbewhyresearcherMoranCerfhaseliminateditfromhislife.Asarule,healwayschoosesth
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldfocusonthemeasures
A、Growingindifferenceofcollegestudentstootherpeople.B、Ever-increasingInternetaddictiononcollegecampuses.C、Sharpdr
A、Tolivetherepermanently.B、Tostaythereforhalfayear.C、Tofindabetterjobtosupportherself.D、Tosellleathergoods
A、Becausemanyyoungpeoplehavemovedintocomfortableapartments.B、Becausemanyoldhousesinthepoorareaofthetownaren
随机试题
下列哪些症状是属湿热内蕴夹有瘀热的遗精
促进性腺发育成熟的物质是
下列哪种产后病与血瘀无关
排水固结法处理地基,当采用∮7cm袋装砂井和塑料排水板作为竖向通道时,竖向排水通道长度主要取决于工程要求和土层情况,对以地基稳定性控制的工程,竖向排水通道深度至少应超过最危险滑动面()m。
世界贸易组织的最高权力机构是______。
大科学工程“人造太阳”,主要是将氘核聚变反应释放的能量用来发电,氘核聚变反应方程是:。氘核聚变反应中释放的核能约为()。
科技工作者因尽到了道德义务而受到社会的尊重。如果个别科技工作者出于私利支配,背离真善美的良知,做出危害社会的科技行为选择,如为法西斯侵略战争服务,他们就要受到社会舆论的谴责,就要受到社会的制裁。还有一类不正当的科技行为,如非法占有他人成果,这也应受到谴责和
(中山大学2013)采用直接标价时,如果需要比原来更少的本币就能兑换一定数量的外币,则表明()。
1949年3月,在中国人民革命即将取得全国胜利的前夕,中国共产党在河北省平山县西柏坡村召开了中共七届二中全会,毛泽东在会上作了报告。主要内容有()
Writeanessayof160—200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)
最新回复
(
0
)