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  3. Believe it or not, optical illusion can cut highway crashes. Japan is case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on

Believe it or not, optical illusion can cut highway crashes. Japan is case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on

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问题    Believe it or not, optical illusion can cut highway crashes.
   Japan is case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on            【M1】______
some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion.
Bending stripes, called chevrons (人字形), painted on the roads make         【M2】______
drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus
drivers slow down.
   Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic
Safety in Washington D. C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting
next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes
on selected roads around the country to test how the patterns reduce         【M3】______
highway crashes.
     Excess speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all           【M4】______
fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those
accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas which speed-related    【M5】______
hazards are the greatest — curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, bridges.       【M6】______
   Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across
roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. Then,        【M7】______
traffic often returns to fast speed within months as drivers become used to      【M8】______
seeing the painted bars.
   Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression         【M9】______
they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appears to     【M10】______
be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed
and the number of traffic accidents.
【M9】
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