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  3. A fast-food restaurant within about 500 feet of a school may lead to at least a 5 percent increase in the overweight rate at tha

A fast-food restaurant within about 500 feet of a school may lead to at least a 5 percent increase in the overweight rate at tha

admin2016-09-14  48
问题     A fast-food restaurant within about 500 feet of a school may lead to at least a 5 percent increase in the overweight rate at that school, according to a study released on Friday.
    The study, conducted by economists at Columbia University and the University California, Berkeley, suggests that " a ban on fast foods in the immediate proximity of schools could have a sizable effect on obesity rates among affected students. "
    The researchers looked at how proximity to the restaurants affected obesity rates among 3 million ninth graders at California schools, and more than 1 million pregnant women in Michigan, New Jersey and Texas. They focused on the ninth graders, typically about 14 years old, in part because the students get a fitness test in the spring—about 30 weeks after starting school and exposure to fast food. The study, released by the American Association of Wine Economists, showed that " the presence of a fast-food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in the obesity rate in that school. " It also found that pregnant women who lived within a tenth of a mile of a fast-food restaurant had " a 4. 4 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos(44 pounds). "
    The study follows one presented last month at an American Stroke Association conference. Researchers from the University of Michigan found people who live in neighborhoods packed with fast-food restaurants are more likely to suffer strokes.
    In December, a study found that youth who study within a half mile from a fast-food outlet eat fewer fruits and vegetables, drink more soda and are more likely to be obese than students at other schools.
    Janet Currie, lead researcher of the wine economists’ study, said that it might be a good policy to have a fast-food-free zone if fast food near schools causes obesity. "It would not be so different in spirit from existing policies that aim to prohibit soft drinks and junk foods in schools or to improve the quality of school lunch, " she said.
    A spokeswoman for Yum! Brands, the parent company of KFC, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell and Long John Silver’s, declined to comment, saying she had not seen the study. Burger King did not return calls seeking comment. A McDonald’s spokeswoman referred calls to the National Retail Federation, a trade group in Washington.
    "I think it would be a dangerous precedent to limit the types of legitimate, important businesses and where they’re located in a city, " federation spokeswoman Ellen Davis said. "Doesn’t it make more sense for parents to limit a child’s allowance or let them know when and where they can’t eat certain things?" Davis added that restaurants have changed their menus in the last five years, especially for children’s meals. " We see many healthy options available—slices of apple, milk instead of sodas... It’s important to note that many chain restaurants have tried to diversify their menus and make them healthier. "
Which of the following can be inferred from the last three paragraphs?
选项 A、McDonald shared the same opinion with Ellen Davis.
B、Yum! Brands held different opinion from Burger King.
C、Janet Currie preferred a new policy to present policies.
D、Ellen Davis thought limiting children’s money made no sense.
答案A
解析 推理题。倒数第二段提到麦当劳的女发言人委托美国零售联合会做出回应，而从最后一段中可以看出，美国零售联合会的女发言人正是Ellen Davis，并且她的发言倾向于快餐行业，所以推断出麦当劳和Ellen Davis持有相同的观点，故[A]正确。倒数第二段中Yum!Brands和Burger King都没有对新政策做出回应，并不能说明他们的意见相左，[B]错误，故排除；第六段中Janet Currie认为新政策与现行政策并没有什么不同，可以看出她对其并没有偏好，[C]错误，故排除；最后一段第二句话中Ellen Davis用一个反问句表达了对家长的不满，她认为家长应该限制孩子的零用钱，[D]错误，故排除。
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