2. 外语
  3. The following two questions are based on the following passage: The Southfork Steel Company is in trouble. Since 1960 it has

The following two questions are based on the following passage: The Southfork Steel Company is in trouble. Since 1960 it has

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问题 The following two questions are based on the following passage:
   The Southfork Steel Company is in trouble. Since 1960 it has made guaranteed payments to retirees out of a pension fund paid into by current employees as a percentage of their salaries. The restructuring of the Southfork workforce, however, has meant that fewer employees are now needed to produce the same amount of work as in the days of the retired employees. Since current employees are unwilling to pay a larger percentage of their salaries into the pension system than their predecessors did, the pension fund will inevitably go bankrupt.  
A recent study showed that more than 50 percent of people who commit violent crimes had seen at least one act of violence on television during the preceding week. Many psychologists suggest that exposure to acts of violence, even when they are obviously fictional, can increase a person’s propensity to commit violent acts. If government regulators were to ban all violence on television, therefore, we could expect the incidence of violent crimes to decrease by over 50 percent.    The two portions in boldface in the passage above play which of the following roles?
选项 A、The first portion is an inference related to the conclusion of the argument; the second portion supports the conclusion.
B、The first portion is a conclusion that is not necessarily true based on the evidence; the second portion supports that conclusion.
C、The first portion is evidence that supports the argument; the second portion is a conclusion that is not necessarily true based on the evidence.
D、The first portion is evidence that supports the argument; the second portion is a conclusion that must be true based on the evidence.
E、The first portion is a conclusion that must be true based on the evidence; the second portion is an inference related to that conclusion.
答案C
解析 The first portion is a premise of the argument: people who commit violent crimes are likely to have watched violent acts on television in the preceding week. The second portion is the conclusion: if violence on television were eliminated, violent crimes would drop by more than 50 percent. This conclusion is not supported by the evidence, because it is not at all clear that witnessing violence on television was the only reason that the people committed violent acts, or that preventing them from witnessing violence on television would have deterred them from committing those acts. C is the best answer.
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