首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Double Effect The Supreme Court’ s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine see
Double Effect The Supreme Court’ s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine see
admin
2014-09-12
76
问题
Double Effect
The Supreme Court’ s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.
Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of " double effect" , a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.
Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.
George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It’s like surgery," he says. "We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’ t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’ re a physician, you can risk your patient’ s suicide as long as you don’ t intend their suicide. On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
Just three weeks before the Court’ s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science(NAS)released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of " ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.
Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. "Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering," to the extent that it constitutes "systematic patient abuse. " He says medical licensing boards " must make it clear that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.
From the first three paragraphs, we learn that______.
选项
A、doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients’ pain
B、it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives
C、the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide
D、patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide
答案
B
解析
文章第一段说:最高法院对于医生协助病人自杀的裁决对如何使用药物来减轻晚期病人的痛苦有着重大的意义。第二段说:尽管宪法没有赋予医生帮助病人自杀的权力,法院实际上支持率医疗界的“双效”原则。第三段说:医生们正是借用这个原则,为大剂量地给晚期(terminally ill)病人注射吗啡提供正当的理由,尽管增加剂量将最终致使病人死亡。由此从第二段可推断出,B项“医生们帮助病人自杀仍是非法的”为正确答案。其他三项均与文意不符。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Q6hd777K
本试题收录于:
职称英语卫生类A级题库职称英语分类
0
职称英语卫生类A级
职称英语
相关试题推荐
Sharingtasksanddecisionsinthehomeleadsto______.Accordingtotheauthor,thesolutionoffamilyproblems______.
AImprovementinResearchingDiseasesBTheResultsofPlantDiseasesCMistakemadeinDiagnosisDKillingInsectsEAMaj
Thespecial-effectsrevolutionbeganinthemid-1980swithStarWars.DennisMurenstartedhisschoolingataveryearlyage.
AAttractionsofTravellingBLanguageProblemWhenEatingOutCRevolutionCausedbyJetsDHowTravellers’ConcernsAreMe
AAttractionsofTravellingBLanguageProblemWhenEatingOutCRevolutionCausedbyJetsDHowTravellers’ConcernsAreMe
Practicallyallspeciesofanimalscommunicateeitherthroughsoundsorthroughalargerepertoryofsoundlesscodes.
FDA:Human,AnimalWasteThreatensProduceThebiggestfoodsafetyriskforfreshfruitsandvegetablesastheyaregrown,picke
HealthInsurance(保险)MostAmericansareresponsiblefortheirownmedicalcosts.Thesecanbeextremelyhighifapersonge
Shewasclosetosuccess.
Weexploredthepossibilityofexpansionattheconference
随机试题
在Excel的单个文件夹中选中多个相邻的文件时,应单击序列中的第一个文件名后,按住()键,再单击序列最后的文件即可。
男性,16岁,3天来左膝关节肿胀。自幼于外伤后易出血不止。查体:皮肤黏膜未见出血及紫癜,出血时间2分钟;凝血时间30分钟,凝血酶原时间正常,疾病分类应为( )。
下列关于药源性疾病的防治,不恰当的是()。
高聚物改性沥青防水卷材采用条粘法施工,每幅卷材两边的粘贴宽度不应小于()mm。
共有人将自己存于共有物的份额分割出去是()。
投资基金主要通过向投资者发行受益凭证(基金份额),将社会上的资金集中起来,交由()投资于各种资产,实现保值增值。
根据以下资料,回答106~110题。据统计,全球讲英语的人口达17亿,说英语的国家国内生产总值占全球的40%,全世界半数以上的科技书刊和译著都用英语,全球开设国际广播电台的86个国家中,只有8个没有英语,互联网上80%以上的网页使用英文;而开设汉语
某研究者提出一个假想:海马部位可能与复杂认知加工有关,与简单认知加工无关。为此,他进行了如下实验:随机选取30只白鼠,切除海马,让其中一半学习简单迷津,另一半学习复杂迷津。在白鼠练习迷津过程中,简单组10次以内就出现完全正确的情况,而复杂组学习30次以后才
以下行为中,属于侵犯注册商标专用权行为的是()。
在面向对象方法中,______描述的是具有相似属性与操作的一组对象。
最新回复
(
0
)