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  3. In choosing a transportation mode for a particular product, shippers consider as many as six criteria: speed, frequency, dependa

In choosing a transportation mode for a particular product, shippers consider as many as six criteria: speed, frequency, dependa

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问题 In choosing a transportation mode for a particular product, shippers consider as many as six criteria: speed, frequency, dependability, capability, availability, and cost. Thus, if a shipper seeks speed, air and truck are the prime contenders. If the goal is low cost, then water and pipeline are the prime contenders. Shippers are increasingly combining two or more transportation modes, thanks to containerization. Containerization consists of putting the goods in boxes or trailers that are easy to transfer between two transportation modes. Each coordinated mode of transportation offers specific advantages to the shipper. For example, piggyback is cheaper than trucking alone and yet provides flexibility and convenience.
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答案为了给某种产品选定一种运输方式，货主要考虑六个问题：速度、频率、可靠性、能力、便利性和成本。因此，若货主要求速度，空运和汽车运输是首要选择。如果目标是低成本，那水运和管道运输最好。由于集装箱化的发展，货主越来越多地将两种或更多的运输方式结合在一起。集装箱化是指将货物装于便于在两种运输方式间互换的箱子里或拖车上。每种联运都为货运人提供了某些便利。例如：铁路一公路联运要比完全用汽车运输便宜而且更灵活、更方便。
解析 本段非课文原文，考生可参考教材第十四课《运输》的相关知识来解答此题。翻译时要注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语：transportation mode：运输方式；shippers：货主；speed：速度；frequency：频率；dependability：可靠性；capability：能力；availability：便利性；cost：成本；low cost：低成本；pipeline：管道运输；containerization：集装箱化；consist of：包括；trailer：拖车；piggyback：铁路一公路联运。
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