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  3. Autism is a strange condition. Sometimes its symptoms of "social blindness" (an inability to read or comprehend the emotions of

Autism is a strange condition. Sometimes its symptoms of "social blindness" (an inability to read or comprehend the emotions of

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问题     Autism is a strange condition. Sometimes its symptoms of "social blindness" (an inability to read or comprehend the emotions of others) occur alone. This is called high-functioning autism, or Asperger’s syndrome. Though their fellow men and women may regard them as a bit odd, high-functioning autists are often successful (sometimes very successful) members of society. On other occasions, though, autism manifests as part of a range of cognitive problems. Then, the condition is declining.
    What is common to those on all parts of the so-called autistic spectrum is that they are more often men than women—so much more often that one school of thought suggests autism is an extreme demonstration of what it means, mentally, to be male. Boys are four times more likely to be diagnosed with autism than girls are. For high-functioning autism, the ratio is seven to one.
    Moreover, what is true of autism is true, to a lesser extent, of a lot of other neurological and cognitive disorders. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is diagnosed around three times more often in boys than in girls. "Intellectual disability", a catch-all term for inborn low IQ, is 30-50% more common in boys, as is epilepsy. In fact, these disorders frequently show up in combination. For instance, children diagnosed with an autistic-spectrum disorder often also receive a diagnosis of ADHD.
    Autism’s precise causes are unclear, but genes are important. Though no mutation which, by itself, causes autism has yet been discovered, well over 100 are known that make someone with them more vulnerable to the condition.
    Most of these mutations are as common in women as in men, so one explanation for the divergent incidence is that male brains are more vulnerable than female ones to equivalent levels of genetic disruption. This is called the female-protective model. The other broad explanation, social-bias theory, is that the difference is illusory. Girls are being under-diagnosed because of differences either in the ways they are assessed, or in the ways they cope with the condition, rather than because they actually have it less. Some researchers claim, for example, that girls are better able to hide their symptoms.
One genre of thought holds the view that_________.
选项 A、autists are often children
B、autism is a common symptom
C、girls are more active than boys
D、males are more likely to be autists
答案D
解析 细节题。根据题干的one genre of thought“一个思想流派”定位到第二段第二行的one school of thought“一个思想流派”，而holds the view that=suggests“认为”；故答案来自suggests后面：autism is an extreme demonstration of what it means，mentally，to be male“自闭症是男性心理上的一种极端表现”。通过该句可得知：自闭症患者一般为男性，即选项[D]males are more likely to be autists“男性更有可能是自闭症患者”的表述正确。而其余三项原文都未提到，属于无中生有。故均排除。
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