首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Human Migration Human migration: the term is vague. What people usually think of is the permanent movement of people from one ho
Human Migration Human migration: the term is vague. What people usually think of is the permanent movement of people from one ho
admin
2013-08-12
45
问题
Human Migration
Human migration: the term is vague. What people usually think of is the permanent movement of people from one home to another. More broadly, though, migration means all the ways — from the seasonal drift of agricultural workers within a country to the relocation of refugees from one country to another.
Migration is big, dangerous, and compelling. It is 60 million Europeans leaving home from the 16th to the 20th century. It is some 15 million Hindus, Sikhs, and Muslims swept up in a
tumultuous
shuffle of citizens between India and Pakistan after the partition of the subcontinent in 1947.
Migration is the dynamic undertow of population change: everyone’s solution, everyone’s conflict. As the century turns, migration, with its inevitable economic and political
turmoil
, has been called "one of the greatest challenges of the coming century".
But it is much more than that. It is, as has always been, the great adventure of human life. Migration helped create humans, drove us to conquer the planet, shaped our societies, and promises to reshape
them
again.
"You have a history book written in your genes," said Spencer Wells. The book he’s trying to read goes back to long before even the first word was written, and it is a story of migration.
Wells, a blond geneticist at Stanford University, spent the summer of 1998 exploring remote parts of Transcaucasia and Central Asia with three colleagues in a Land Rover, looking for drops of blood. In the blood, donated by the people he met, he will search for the story that genetic markers can tell of the long paths human life has taken across the Earth.
(A)
But however the paths are traced, the basic story is simple: people have been moving since they were people.(B)
If early humans hadn’t moved and
intermingled
as much as they did, they probably would have continued to evolve into different species.(C)
From beginnings in Africa, most researchers agree, groups of hunter-gatherers spread out, driven to the ends of the Earth.(D)
To demographer Kingsley Davis, two things made migration happen. First, human beings, with their tools and language, could adapt to different conditions without having to wait for evolution to make them suitable for a new niche. Second, as populations grew, cultures began to differ, and inequalities developed between groups, The first factor gave us the keys to the door of any room on the planet; the other gave us reasons to use them.
Over the centuries, as agriculture spread across the planet, people moved toward places where metal was found and worked to centers of commerce that then became cities. Those places were, in turn, invaded and overrun by people in later generations called
barbarians
.
In between, these storm surges were steadier but similarly profound tides in which people moved out to colonize or were captured and brought in as slaves. For a while the population of Athens, that city of legendary enlightenment was as much as 35 percent slaves.
"What strikes me is how important migration is as a cause and effect in great world events. " Mark Miller, co-author of The Age of Migration and a professor of political science at the University of Delaware, told me recently.
It is difficult to think of any great events that did not involve migration. Religions
spawned
pilgrims or settlers; wars drove refugees before them and made new land available for the conquerors)political upheavals displaced thousands or millions; economic innovations drew workers and entrepreneurs like magnets; environmental disasters like famine or disease pushed their bedraggled survivors anywhere they could replant hope.
"It’s part of our nature, this movement," Miller said, "It’s just a fact of the human condition. "
An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
This passage discusses the reasons and effects of human migration.
Answer Choices
(A)Genetic studies play a very important role in helping modern humans find out where they have come from.
(B)Migration helped create humans, conquer the planet and shape our societies.
(C)Human beings could adapt to different conditions with their tools and language.
(D)Migration is big, dangerous, and compelling.
(E)Migration is the dynamic undertow of population change.
(F)Human beings’ great events are connected with migration.
选项
答案
B. Migration helped create humans, conquer the planet and shape our societies. C. Human beings could adapt to different conditions with their tools and language. E. Migration is the dynamic undertow of population change.
解析
本题为篇章总结题,考查考生理解全篇中心思想和相关重要信息的能力,考生通过区分主要观点和次要观点以及文章中没有提及的观点以达到总结全篇的目的。本文主要论述的是人类迁居的原因(选项C、E)和影响(选项B)。选项A、D、F文章中提到了,但它们都不是重要信息,起不到综合概括文章中心思想的作用。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/QEfO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Questions18-20Completethesentencesbelow.WriteONEWORDONLYforeachanswer.BowelCoachingCourseCoacheshelppeoplema
Questions18-20Completethesentencesbelow.WriteONEWORDONLYforeachanswer.BowelCoachingCourseCoachingisforpeople
Completethesummarybelow.WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSforeachanswer.Afterhighschoolsomepeopletravel,finda(a
A、anon-profitmakingorganization.B、ownedbyaninternationalcorporation.C、acollectiveownedbyordinarypeople.C
【1】Whichpeople/organisationsareinvolvedintheHaydonhousingproject?
Whatiscurrentlythemainareaofworkofeachofthefollowingpeople?ChooseFIVEanswersfromtheboxandwritethecorrect
Whatiscurrentlythemainareaofworkofeachofthefollowingpeople?ChooseFIVEanswersfromtheboxandwritethecorrect
JacksaysthatinLondonthesedays,manypeople
JacksaysthatinLondonthesedays,manypeople
随机试题
下列选项中不属于结构化程序设计原则的是( )。
在自由贸易区中
氧分压下降对呼吸的影响是
A、长于化痰、以燥湿化痰为主B、外用于疮痈肿毒C、降逆止呕D、健脾温胃E、偏于祛寒痰,并能调和脾胃清半夏的功能主要是
甲、乙分别为某有限合伙企业的普通合伙人和有限合伙人。后甲变更为有限合伙人,乙变更为普通合伙人。下列关于甲、乙对其合伙人性质互换前的企业债务责任承担的表述中,符合合伙企业法律制度规定的有()。
公民、法人或其他组织认为行政机关的具体行政行为侵犯其已经依法取得的土地、矿藏等自然资源的所有权或使用权的,应当先申请复议;对复议决定不服,可依法向人民法院提起行政诉讼。()
下列谱例选自亨德尔清唱剧作品的第二乐章,叫作()。
材料:目前教育体制的功能在很大程度上采用“教育抽水机理论”,也就是将高素质的农村劳动者从农村抽吸到城市。将本来可能会有利于农村经济发展的潜在人力资本变成了仅有利于城市经济发展的人力资本。但华西村做法却恰恰相反,他把人才从城市抽吸到华西村发展。有人说.华西村
受教育是公民的()
FromTaiwantoAlgeria,thousandsofforeigners【S1】______toU.S.universitiestostudy.Thosewhocomepraisethelibrariesand
最新回复
(
0
)