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  3. The mythology of a culture can provide some vital insights into the beliefs and values of that culture. By using fantastic and s

The mythology of a culture can provide some vital insights into the beliefs and values of that culture. By using fantastic and s

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问题     The mythology of a culture can provide some vital insights into the beliefs and values of that culture. By using fantastic and sometimes incredible stories to create an oral tradition by which to explain the wonders of the natural world and teach lessons to younger generations, a society exposes those ideas and concepts held most important. Just as important as the final lesson to be gathered from the stories, however, are the characters and the roles they play in conveying that message.
    Perhaps the epitome of mythology and its use as a tool to pass on cultural values can be found in Aesop’s Fables, told and retold during the era of the Greek Empire. Aesop, a slave who won the favor of the court through his imaginative and descriptive tales, almost exclusively used animals to fill the roles in his short stories. Humans, when at all present, almost always played the part of bumbling fools struggling to learn the lesson being presented. This choice of characterization allows us to see that the Greeks placed wisdom on a level slightly beyond humans, implying that deep wisdom and understanding is a universal quality sought by, rather than stealing from, human beings.
    Aesop’s fables illustrated the central themes of humility and self-reliance, reflecting the importance of those traits in early Greek society. The folly of humans was used to contrast against the ultimate goal of attaining a higher level of understanding and awareness of truths about nature and humanity. For example, one notable fable features a fox repeatedly trying to reach a bunch of grapes on a very high vine. After failing at several attempts, the fox gives up, making up its mind that the grapes were probably sour anyway. The fable’s lesson, that we often play down that which we can’t achieve so as to make ourselves feel better, teaches the reader or listener in an entertaining way about one of the weaknesses of the human psyche.
    The mythology of other cultures and societies reveal the underlying traits of their respective cultures just as Aesop’s fables did. The stories of Roman gods, Aztec ghosts and European elves all served to train ancient generations those lessons considered most important to their community, and today they offer a powerful looking glass by which to evaluate and consider the contextual environment in which those culture existed.
The author names the Roman, Aztec and European cultures in order to
选项 A、identify other cultures in which fables were the primary method by which to pass on traditions and values.
B、explicitly name the various types of characters in those culture’s fables.
C、stress that mythology was used by cultures other than the Greeks to convey societal morals.
D、establish them, in addition to the Greeks, as the societies most notable for their mythology.
答案C
解析 细节题。文章最后一段提到其他地区的文化，第一句说明了目的，即其他文化或社会中的神话也和伊索寓言一样展现出这些文化各自的内在特征，所以C项最符合文意。A项中的primary method没有根据；B项和D项都是对原文的错误理解。
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