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  3. Communication Skills--Start Here ! Why you need to get your message across Effective communication is all about conveyin

Communication Skills--Start Here ! Why you need to get your message across Effective communication is all about conveyin

admin2013-06-03  76
问题                  Communication Skills--Start Here !
    Why you need to get your message across
    Effective communication is all about conveying your messages to other people clearly and unambiguously. It’s also about receiving information that others are sending to you, with as little distortion as possible.
    Doing this involves effort from both the sender of the message and the receiver. And it’s a process that can be fraught (充满) with error, with messages muddled by the sender, or misinterpreted by the recipient.  When this isn’t detected, it can cause tremendous confusion, wasted effort and missed opportunity. In fact, communication is only successful when both the sender and the receiver understand the same information as a result of the communication. By successfully getting your message across, you convey your thoughts and ideas effectively. When not successful, the thoughts and ideas that you actually send do not necessarily reflect what you think, causing a communications breakdown and creating roadblocks that stand in the way of your goals--both personally and professionally.
    In a recent survey of recruiters from companies with more than 50000 employees, communication skills were cited as the single more important decisive factor in choosing managers. The survey, conducted by the University of Pittsburgh’s Katz Business School, points out that communication skills, including written and oral presentations, as well as an ability to work with others, are the main factor contributing to job success.
    In spite of the increasing importance placed on communication skills, many individuals continue to struggle, unable to communicate their thoughts and ideas effectively--whether in verbal or written format.  This inability makes it nearly impossible for them to compete effectively in the workplace, and stands in the way of career progression.
    Being able to communicate effectively is therefore essential if you want to build a successful career. To do this, you must understand what your message is, what audience you are sending it to, and how it will be perceived. You must also weigh-in the circumstances surrounding your communications, such as situational and cultural context.
    Communication Skills--The Importance of Removing Barriers
    Problems with communication can pop-up at every stage of the communication process (which consists of the sender, encoding, the channel, decoding, the receiver, feedback and the context--see the diagram below). At each stage, there is the potential for misunderstanding and confusion.

    To be an effective communicator and to get your point across without misunderstanding and confusion, your goal should be to lessen the frequency of problems at each stage of this process, with clear, concise, accurate, well-planned communications.  We follow the process through below:
    Source...
    As the source of the message, you need to be clear about why you’re communicating, and what you want to communicate.  You also need to be confident that the information you’re communicating is useful and accurate.
    Message...
    The message is the information that you want to communicate.
    Encoding...
    This is the process of transferring the information you want to communicate into a form that can be sent and correctly decoded at the other end. Your success in encoding depends partly on your ability to convey information clearly and simply, but also on your ability to anticipate and eliminate sources of confusion (for example, cultural issues, mistaken assumptions,  and missing information. )
    A key part of this is knowing your audience:  Failure to understand who you are communicating with will result in delivering messages that are misunderstood.
    Channel...
    Messages are conveyed through channels,  with verbal channels including face-to-face meetings, telephone and videoconferencing; and written channels including letters, emails, memos and reports.
    Different channels have  different strengths and weaknesses.  For example,  it’s not particularly effective to give a long list of directions verbally, while you’ll quickly cause problems if you give someone negative feedback using email.
    Decoding...
    Just as successful encoding is a skill, so is successful decoding (involving, for example, taking the time to read a message carefully, or listen actively to it. ) Just as confusion can arise from errors in encoding, it can also arise from decoding errors. This is particularly the case if the decoder doesn’t have enough knowledge to understand the message.
    Receiver...
    Your message is delivered to individual members of your audience.  No doubt, you have in mind the actions or reactions you hope your message will get from this audience. Keep in mind, though, that each of these individuals enters into the communication process with ideas and feelings that will undoubtedly influence their understanding of your message, and their response. To be a successful communicator, you should consider these before delivering your message, and act appropriately.
    Feedback...
    Your audience will provide you with feedback, as verbal and nonverbal reactions to your communicated message. Pay close attention to this feedback, as it is the only thing that can give you confidence that your audience has understood your message. If you find that there has been a misunderstanding, at least you have the opportunity to send the message a second time.
    Context...
    The situation in which your message is delivered is the context.  This may include the surrounding environment or broader culture (corporate culture, international cultures, and so on ).
    Removing Barriers at All These Stages
    To deliver your messages effectively, you must commit to breaking down the barriers that exist within each of these stages of the communication process. Let’s begin with the message itself. If your message is too lengthy, disorganized, or contains errors, you can expect the message to be misunderstood and misinterpreted. Use of poor verbal and body language can also confuse the message.
    Barriers in context tend to stem from senders offering too much information too fast. When in doubt here, less is oftentimes more. It is best to be mindful of the demands on other people’s time, especially in today’s ultra-busy society.
    Once you understand this, you need to work to understand your audience’s culture, malting sure you can converse and deliver your message to people of different backgrounds and cultures within your own organization, in your country and even abroad.  
In which of the following ways will one most probably cause trouble?
选项 A、Making faces in telephone conferences.
B、Giving negative replies in email.
C、Talking for a long time face to face.
D、Writing a memo in a formal way.
答案B
解析 B基本上是原词的再现。replies为原文feedback的近义词。
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大学英语四级

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