2. 外语
  3. You will now read a short passage and then listen to a talk on the same topic. You will then be asked a question about them. Aft

You will now read a short passage and then listen to a talk on the same topic. You will then be asked a question about them. Aft

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问题 You will now read a short passage and then listen to a talk on the same topic. You will then be asked a question about them. After you hear the question, you will have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.
Confirmation Bias
Confirmation bias is people’s tendency to favor information that confirms their beliefs or hypotheses and ignore negative information, which does not confirm their points of view. People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively. The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs. They also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position. Confirmation biases contribute to overconfidence in personal beliefs and can maintain or strengthen beliefs in the face of contrary evidence. Poor decisions due to these biases have been found in various contexts.
Now hear a talk on the same subject.
Question: Using the information from the lecture, explain how the professor demonstrates the concept of Confirmation Bias.
Confirmation bias can happen to everyone and you may not notice it when it comes to you. Let me give you an example from my own experience. I have a female friend who was obsessed with buying a new hybrid car which was environmentally friendly. She walked down the road and saw a real hybrid car parked on the street. She told me that the car was very eye-catching and many people had bought this type of car. Since then, she focused only on the positive reviews of the car. When I showed her some negative reports, such as how the car is unstable: requires frequent repairs: costs a lot to repair, and so on from a magazine, she just ignored all of these problems. She didn’t change her mind at all and finally bought that car. Since that time the car has had a lot of problems, but she still believes that the car is well worth it.
选项
答案The lecture is about a concept in psychology called confirmation bias which means people only accept positive information that helps confirm their point of view, and ignore negative information that does not confirm their point of view. In the lecture, the professor gives the example of his friend to demonstrate the concept. According to the lecture, a few years ago, the professor’s friend planned to buy a hybrid car which was very environmentally friendly. She only focused on positive reviews and ignored all the negative reviews he showed her in a magazine. His friend eventually bought that car. Later, the car had many problems and had to be repaired many times. But his friend still believes that this car is pretty good due to confirmation bias.
解析   Confirmation Bias证实性偏差，其定义是：Confirmation bias is people’s tendency to favor information that confirms their beliefs or hypotheses and ignore negative information，which does not confirm their points of view．模版：The reading is about an academic concept called…将标题跟定义带入模版，即是对阅读文章的复述。
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