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According to the World Health Organization, air pollution kills about________around the world each year.
According to the World Health Organization, air pollution kills about________around the world each year.
admin
2020-02-11
31
问题
According to the World Health Organization, air pollution kills about________around the world each year.
Air pollution is a killer. The World Health Organization says it kills an estimated seven million people around the world each year. Even if polluted air does not kill us, it can make us very sick. However, breathing dirty air may do more than hurt your body. It can also affect your brain and your ability to think.
A new study shows that air pollution can cause a "huge" reduction in our intelligence. The study was a project involving researchers at Peking University in China and Yale University in the United States. The researchers reported that long-term exposure to air pollution can affect a person’s mental abilities in two areas: language and mathematics.
The researchers studied about 25, 000 people from across China. Between 2010 and 2014, these Chinese men, women and children were given language and math tests. Then researchers compared the test results with measurements of pollution in the air, namely nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
Xi Chen of the Yale School of Public Health led the study. He and his team found that breathing polluted air can reduce a person’s education level by about one year. Chen said that the effect generally is worse for those over 64 years of age, for men and for those with little or no education. "The older persons — they are more affected. And we find, quite interestingly, males are more affected than females. And people working outdoors are more affected than people working indoors. "
The researchers noted that the effect of pollution on verbal ability is even more serious as people age, especially among men and the less educated.
In May 2018, the WHO reported that nine of every 10 people worldwide are breathing polluted air. The study we described earlier found that people who work outdoors fall into a high-risk group. However, that does not mean those who work inside buildings are safe from air pollution.
选项
A、nitrogen dioxide; sulfur dioxide
B、hydrogen peroxide; carbon dioxide
C、carbon dioxide; nitrogen dioxide
D、sulfur dioxide; carbon dioxide
答案
A
解析
特定信息的找寻和判断。本题干设置要求学生进行观察,按图索骥,注意听辨,正确选择。在干扰选项的设置上,选择了意思相近的几组词汇,而且专业性很强。学生需要在听录音之前将四个选项仔细对照,发现规律,然后迅速找到题干中的关键词,在听辨时注意相关信息。干扰项B中“hydrogen peroxide”和“carbon dioxide”两个词汇表示的意思分别是“过氧化氢”和“二氧化碳”,这两个词汇在原文中并没有出现,所以此选项属于无中生有。C选项中“carbon dioxide”这个词汇在文中并没有出现,而“nitrogen dioxide”,即“二氧化氮”,在“Then researchers compared the test results with measurements of pollution in the air, namely nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide”中有所体现,所以这个干扰选项属于移花接木。干扰项D的设置与C选项如出一辙,只是这次出现的词汇换成了“sulfur dioxide”,即“二氧化硫”,信息只对了一半,所以排除。正确选项A中出现的词汇“nitrogen dioxide”和“sulfur dioxide”与原文“Then researchers compared the test results with measurements of pollution in the air, namely nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide”完全一致,故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/QkrO777K
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