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  3. Marriage and divorce are life-changing events, the effects of which are evident in innumerable ways. Both marriage and divor

Marriage and divorce are life-changing events, the effects of which are evident in innumerable ways. Both marriage and divor

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问题     Marriage and divorce are life-changing events, the effects of which are evident in innumerable ways.
    Both marriage and divorce appear to lead to weight gain among couples, but each occasion affects men and women differently. Researchers from Ohio State University found that women tended to gain more weight than men after marriage, while after a divorce, men’s girth (腰围) expanded more than women’s.
    Previous studies of weight gain have looked at average gains and losses, but Prof. Zhenchao Qian and his student Dmitry Tumin decided to break down the weight effects by gender to better understand whether marital (婚姻的) transitions affected men differently than women.
    The researchers looked at survey data from a nationally representative sample of more than 10,000 men and women who were 14 to 22 years old when the survey began in 1979. The participants were questioned every year until 1994, and then every other year afterward.
    The scientists found interesting gender differences when they focused on the two-year mark after a marriage or divorce. Although both men and women who married tended to gain weight compared with their counterparts who stayed single, women tended to gain more weight than men.
Two years after a divorce, separated partners tended to be heavier compared with couples who remained married, but conversely, men posted larger weight gains than women.
    The study did not dig into what particular lifestyle habits—in diet or physical activity, for example—may have changed after either marriage or divorce to lead to weight gain, but the relationship between weight and life events remained strong after the researchers accounted for potential confounding (混合的) factors such as race, education and income.
    Qian and Tumin have some theories, based on previous research by others on the subject. Following marriage, the researchers suggest, wives may encourage their husbands to adopt a healthier lifestyle, helping men maintain their weight or even lose a few excess pounds. After divorce, however, men may return to their pound-packing habits.
    Women, on the other hand, may tend to eat more and exercise less after getting married and starting a family because of the stresses of child bearing and maintaining a household.
    The effects were strongest among those who were 30 or older at the time they married or divorced. Younger people didn’t show as consistent a pattern in weight gain or loss after such events.
Marital transitions have the strongest effects on people who______.
选项 A、get married at the age of their early twenties
B、get divorced at the time of thirty or older
C、are engaged in the hotel and catering industry
D、have particular lifestyle habits in physical activity
答案B
解析 事实细节题。根据原文“这些影响对那些在30岁或30岁以上时结婚或离婚的人来说是最大的”，联系上文可知“这些影响”指的是婚姻变故对体重所带来的影响，B)含义与原文意思相符，故为答案。原文指出较年轻的人在经历这些事件以后，体重的增减并没有显现出如此一致的变化，即婚姻变故对年轻人体重增减的影响不一致，故排除A)；原文没有提到特殊的职业会影响人们的体重，故排除C)；原文指出研究工作并没有探究特殊的生活习惯，比如饮食、体育活动，在结婚后或离婚后可能发生的改变是否会导致体重增加，故排除D)。
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大学英语四级

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