One question is often risen in response to international 【M1】______ test comparisons: Do these results really mean anything? I

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问题    One question is often risen in response to international   【M1】______
test comparisons: Do these results really mean anything? In
the past, international testing programs have been criticized
on variety of grounds. Two allegations, in particular, have   【M2】______
been common: first, that other nations have not tested as large
a percentage of their student population, and nevertheless their【M3】______
scores have been inflated; and second, that our best students are
among the world’s best, with our average brought down by a    【M4】______
large cohort of low-achievers.
   Whatever the historic validity of such concerns, they are  【M5】______
now, if anything, reversed. Particularly in the fourth and eighth
grade, education has become universal in all of the leading
nations. Therefore, in science, the percentage of randomly selected【M6】______
U.S. schools and students that actually did participate at the
eighth grade level was just 73 percent—the third-lowest of all
45 participating countries, and 11 percentage points under the【M7】______
average participation rate of industrialized nations. In fact, the
United States had third-lowest overall participation rate for both【M8】______
grades in both subjects. Japan, Taiwan and Singapore all had
participation percentages in the 90s.
   How about our best and brightest? At the fourth-grade level,
there is some real truth to the idea that the best American students【M9】______
are among the best in the world. Looking only at the top 5 percent
of test-takers, American fourth-graders beat the average of wealthy
nations by 13 percentage points. By the eighth grade, however, the
tables have turned, with America’s brightest students fallen 10【M10】______
percentage points behind their foreign peers.
【M2】

选项

答案∧ variety—a

解析 a variety of为固定搭配。
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