2. 外语
  3. Read a short passage and then listen to part of a lecture on the same topic. Reading Time: 45 seconds Antarctica Ant

Read a short passage and then listen to part of a lecture on the same topic. Reading Time: 45 seconds Antarctica Ant

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问题    Read a short passage and then listen to part of a lecture on the same topic.
   Reading Time: 45 seconds
   Antarctica
   Antarctica and the ocean that surrounds it constitute 40 percent of the planet, but in spite of its vast area, it has remained a frontier with no permanent towns or transportation networks. Between 1895 and 1914, explorers planted their flags, claiming various sectors and the raw materials in them for their countries. Nevertheless, the remote location and the harsh environment have encouraged a spirit of cooperation among nations who maintain claims. Furthermore, because Antarctica plays a crucial role in the global environmental system, the exploitation of resources could have unpredictable consequences for the entire world. The Antarctic Treaty, signed in 1961 and expanded in 1991, ensures scientific collaboration, protects the environment, and prohibits military activities.

   Now listen to part of a lecture in a geography class. The professor is talking about Antarctica.
   Question
   Explain why many countries have staked claims in Antarctica, and why national interests have not been pursued.
   Preparation Time: 30 seconds
   Recording Time: 60 seconds
Narrator 2: Number 4. Read a short passage and listen to part of a lecture on the same topic. Then
listen for a question about them. After you hear the question, you have 30 seconds to prepare and 60 seconds to record your answer.
Narrator 1: Now read the passage about Antarctica printed on page 196. You have 45 seconds to
complete it. Please begin reading now.
[Reading time: 45 seconds]
Narrator 1: Now listen to part of a lecture in a geography class. The professor is talking about Antarctica.
Professor:
With the increasing pressure to replace raw materials that are being consumed in other parts of the world, Antarctica and the waters offshore could become a stage for international conflict in the future. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, hunters decimated huge populations of whales and seals, and the race to reach the South Pole resulted in national claims by explorers from a variety of countries, which finally resulted in the partitioning of pie-shaped sectors radiating away from the center at the pole. So today several claims overlap, and only one sector remains unclaimed. Virtually all of these claims are covered by an ice sheet about two miles thick, but the question is, what’s beneath the ice? Scientific experiments indicate that proteins, fuels, and minerals exist in abundance, and that means that in spite of the difficulties and challenges involved in the exploitation of these natural resources, the countries with claims haven’t demonstrated an intention to relinquish their stake in the area. While resources are available in more convenient sites, the remote areas in Antarctica appear to be relatively safe from exploitation. In addition, as the reading passage suggests, global self-interest may engender international cooperation in this crucial environmental system.
Narrator 1: Explain why many countries have staked claims in Antarctica, and why national interests have not been pursued.
Narrator 2: Please prepare your answer after the beep.
Beep
[Preparation time: 30 seconds]
Narrator 2: Please begin speaking after the beep.
Beep
[Recording time: 60 seconds]
Beep
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