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  3. Climate, more than any other single factor, determines the distribution of life on Earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limi

Climate, more than any other single factor, determines the distribution of life on Earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limi

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问题     Climate, more than any other single factor, determines the distribution of life on Earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limits within which organisms can survive. Plants, even more than animals, must be well adapted to climate in order to survive. They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure whatever weather conditions are likely to occur. In the harsh conditions of the tundra (苔原), for example, low growing mosses, lichens, and a few flowering plants all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds.
    Animals, despite their ability to move about and find shelter, are just as much influenced by climate as plants are. Creatures such as the camel and the penguin are so highly specialized that they have an extremely  limited distribution. Others, such as bears, are flexible enough to adapt to a broad range of climates.  Ocean-dwelling organisms are just as sensitive to climatic changes-- in this case temperature and salinity—as land animals. Reef corals (珊瑚) can survive only in clear warm seawater. Certain foraminifers  are so sensitive to changes in their environment that their presence can be taken as an index of sea temperature. Human beings are among the least specialized of all animals and can bye almost anywhere. Their clothes and their homes act as a sort of "miniature climate" that can be taken with them everywhere.
According to the passage, plants on the tundra grow in the ground______.
选项 A、to avoid being eaten by arctic animals
B、because fertilizer is not readily available
C、to minimize exposure to the cold
D、because unfrozen water supplies are very scarce
答案C
解析 细节题。本题问的是：根据文章所述，苔原地区的植物在地表生长是______。依据文章第1段最后一句“In the harsh conditions of the tundra，for example，low growing mosses， lichens，and a few flowering plants all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds”可知，在苔原地区生长的植物都紧贴地表是为了躲避冷风的侵袭。故选C 。
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