首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two
admin
2014-02-27
86
问题
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two "behavior segments" in some novel way, never actually performed before, so as to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler,【C1】______a test for children that was explicitly based on Clark Hull’s principles. The children were given the【C2】______of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed they had to go through a two-stage【C3】______. The children were trained on each stage【C4】______. The stages consisted merely of pressing the correct one of two buttons to get a marble; and of【C5】______the marble into a small hole to release the toy.
The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits readily enough.【C6】______the task of getting a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble.(All they had to do was put it in a hole.) 【C7】______they did not for the most part "integrate", to use the Kendlers’ terminology. They did not press the button to get the marble and then【C8】______without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive【C9】______.
The mystery at first appears to deepen when we learn, from【C10】______psychologist, Michael Cole, and his colleagues, that adults in an African culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers’ task either. But it lessens,【C11】______. when we learn that a task was devised which was【C12】______to the Kendlers’ one but much easier for the African males to handle.
【C13】______the button-pressing machine, Cole used a locked box and two【C14】______colored match-boxes, one of which contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two【C15】______segments —"open the right matchbox to get the key" and "use the key to open the box" — so the task seems formally to be【C16】______. But psychologically it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machine but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then【C17】______that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduced.
Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children,【C18】______. the difficulty lies not in the【C19】______processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of the problem, then five-year-old children solve the problem【C20】______college students did in the Kendlers’ own experiments.
【C15】
选项
A、manner
B、behavior
C、deed
D、activity
答案
B
解析
本题测试词义搭配。manner意为“方式,风格”;behavior意为“行为,举动”,指行动的方式:deed意为“行为,事实”,指值得表扬的行为;activity意为“行动,行为”,指充满精力的行为或行动。根据后面的open the rightmatchbox to get the key和use the key to open the box可知,本句话表示的是两种行为,所以应该选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RHO4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
AnunendingflowofprivateandpubliccriticismsuggeststhatthepeopleoftheUnitedStatessuffer【C1】______government,natio
AnunendingflowofprivateandpubliccriticismsuggeststhatthepeopleoftheUnitedStatessuffer【C1】______government,natio
AnunendingflowofprivateandpubliccriticismsuggeststhatthepeopleoftheUnitedStatessuffer【C1】______government,natio
Her______shouldnotbeconfusedwithmiserliness;aslongasIhaveknownher,shehasalwaysbeenwillingtoassistthosewhoa
【F1】Inhisownlife,BarackObamahaslivedtheAmericandream,asacommunityorganizer,inthestatesenate,asaUnitedState
Writeanessayof160200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)
Writeanessayof160~200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawings.Inyouressay,youshould:1)describethepicturesbriefly
Thereisvirtuallynolimittohowonecanservecommunityinterests,fromspendingafewhoursaweekwithsomecharitableorga
Thereisvirtuallynolimittohowonecanservecommunityinterests,fromspendingafewhoursaweekwithsomecharitableorga
Ineverycultivatedlanguagetherearetwogreatclassesofwordswhich,takentogether,comprisesthewholevocabulary.First,
随机试题
认为偏差行为只是一种被社会定义为偏差的行为的是()
患者男,72岁。因进食时误吞鸭骨后吞咽困难和吞咽疼痛6小时,在当地医院就诊,经照X线片发现食管中段有不透光的阴影,由于当地医院条件有限,仅给予抗感染、对症和支持治疗两天,症状无明显缓解,且出现背部及胸骨后疼痛,多次呕吐,呕吐物为唾液样物,其中两次带有少许鲜
邪盛病进时,常见的脉象是
每次开处方,每张处方所包含的药品种类上限为
自动化仪表线路碰到管道的敷设要求()。
人民法院审理行政案件,不能作为审理案件依据的是()。
材料按实际成本计价,应设置的账户是()账户。
对备选方案的要求是()。
人生不可避免地要遇到顺境与逆境,身处顺境,要善于抓住机遇不断丰富与完善自己;身处逆境,要将压力变成动力。身处逆境的学问包括()
A、She’shisclassmate.B、She’shisneighbour.C、She’shisfriend.D、She’shislandlady.D
最新回复
(
0
)