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  3. An influential early view held that ecosystems contain niches for a limited number of species and that competition for resources

An influential early view held that ecosystems contain niches for a limited number of species and that competition for resources

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问题 An influential early view held that ecosystems contain niches for a limited number of species and that competition for resources among species—whether native or nonnative invading ones—determines ecosystems’ species composition. However, factors other than competition often help explain invading species’ success. For example, the American grey squirrel, often cited as a classic example of competitively superior invading species, was introduced in England in 1876 and now thrives, while the native red squirrel population has declined. Although scientists have found gray squirrels to be more efficient foragers than red ones, they also note that even before the gray squirrel’s arrival, Britain’s red squirrel populations had a periodic tendency to die out, only to be subsequently reintroduced. Furthermore, many gray squirrels are silent carriers of a disease fatal to red squirrels.
It can be inferred that the author of the passage mentions the efficiency with which gray squirrels forage primarily in order to
选项 A、identify a factor that explains a certain phenomenon
B、call attention to an inconsistency in a particular theory
C、suggest that competition cannot be the factor responsible for a particular outcome
D、acknowledge a fact that appears to support a view that the author intends to qualify
E、cite evidence that is not consistent with an early influential view about species competition
答案D
解析 根据efficient定位到第四句。该句说灰松鼠因为其捕食能力强而导致红松鼠数量减少，强调了灰松鼠的竞争性。fact指的是竞争，作者确实承认有竞争的因素。a view指的是早期观点，这个早期观点是作者要限制的。故选D。
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