2. 外语
  3. Historians who study European women of the Renaissance try to measure "independence," "options," and other indicators of the deg

Historians who study European women of the Renaissance try to measure "independence," "options," and other indicators of the deg

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问题 Historians who study European women of the Renaissance try to measure "independence," "options," and other indicators of the degree to which the expression of women’s individuality was either permitted or suppressed. Influenced by Western individualism, these historians define a peculiar form of personhood: an innately bounded unit, autonomous and standing apart from both nature and society. An anthropologist, however, would contend that a person can be conceived in ways other than as an "individual." In many societies a person’s identity is not intrinsically unique and self-contained but instead is defined within a complex web of social relationships.
In her study of the fifteenth-century Florentine widow Alessandra Strozzi, a historian who specializes in European women of the Renaissance attributes individual intention and authorship of actions to her subject. This historian assumes that Alessandra had goals and interests different from those of her sons, yet much of the historian’s own research reveals that Alessandra acted primarily as a champion of her sons’ interests, taking their goals as her own. Thus Alessandra conforms more closely to the anthropologist’s notion that personal motivation is embedded in a social context. Indeed, one could argue that Alessandra did not distinguish her personhood from that of her sons. In Renaissance Europe the boundaries of the conceptual self were not always firm and closed and did not necessarily coincide with the boundaries of the bodily self.
The passage suggests that the historians referred to in line 1 make which of the following assumptions about Renaissance Europe?
选项 A、That anthropologists overestimate the importance of the individual in Renaissance European society
B、That in Renaissance Europe, women were typically allowed to express their individuality
C、That European women of the Renaissance had the possibility of acting independently of the social context in which they lived
D、That studying an individual such as Alessandra is the best way to draw general conclusions about the lives of women in Renaissance Europe
E、That people in Renaissance Europe had greater personal autonomy than people do currently
答案C
解析 Evaluation
The passage suggests that the historians, in their studies of women in Renaissance Europe, held a preconceived notion of personhood—a notion that implied at least the possibility of individual autonomous action unaffected by social context. By implication, the passage ascribes a similar preconception to the historian whose study of Strozzi is discussed.
A No view concerning anthropologists or their work is attributed, even by implication, to the historians.
B Even if the historians held a view regarding the scope of what women in Renaissance Europe were typically allowed to do, the passage does not attribute such a view to them.
C Correct. The passage implies that the historians assumed it was at least sometimes possible for women in Renaissance Europe to act autonomously, unaffected by social context.
D The passage does not indicate that the historians assumed study of a single individual was the best approach to study of women’s lives in Renaissance Europe.
E The passage neither explicitly nor implicitly claims that the historians assumed women had more personal autonomy in Renaissance Europe than women have currently.
The correct answer is C.
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