首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Graduate education is the Detroit of higher learning. Most graduate programs in American universities produce a product for whic
Graduate education is the Detroit of higher learning. Most graduate programs in American universities produce a product for whic
admin
2013-07-30
83
问题
Graduate education is the Detroit of higher learning. Most graduate programs in American universities produce a product for which there is no market and develop skills for which there is diminishing demand, all at a rapidly rising cost.
Widespread hiring freezes and layoffs have brought these problems into sharp relief now. But our graduate system has been in crisis for decades, and the seeds of this crisis go as far back as the formation of modern universities. Kant, in his 1798 work The Conflict of the Faculties, wrote that universities should "handle the entire content of learning by mass production, so to speak, by a division of labor, so that for every branch of the sciences there would be a public teacher or professor appointed as its trustee(理事)".
Unfortunately this mass-production university model has led to separation where there ought to be collaboration and to ever-increasing specialization. In my own religion department, for example, we have 10 faculty members, working in eight subfields, with little overlap. And as departments fragment, research and publication become more and more about less and less. Each academic becomes the trustee not of a branch of the sciences, but of limited knowledge that all too often is irrelevant for genuinely important problems.
The emphasis on narrow scholarship also encourages an educational system that has become a process of cloning. Faculty members cultivate those students whose futures they envision as identical to their own pasts, even though their tenures(终身职位)will stand in the way of these students having futures as full professors.
The dirty secret of higher education is that without underpaid graduate students to help in laboratories and with teaching, universities couldn’t conduct research or even instruct their growing undergraduate populations. That’s one of the main reasons we still encourage people to enroll in doctoral programs.
In other words, young people enroll in graduate programs, work hard for pay to maintain life and assume huge debt burdens, all because of the illusory promise of faculty appointments. But their economical presence, coupled with the intransigence(不妥协)of tenure, ensures that there will always be too many candidates for too few openings.
The other obstacle to change is that colleges and universities are self-regulating or, in academic words, governed by peer review. While trustees and administrations theoretically have some oversight responsibility, in practice, departments operate independently. To complicate matters further, once a faculty member has been granted tenure he is functionally autonomous. Many academics who cry out for the regulation of financial markets strongly oppose it in their own departments.
If American higher education is to thrive in the 21 st century, colleges and universities, like Wall Street and Detroit, must be rigorously regulated and completely restructured.
What does the author mean by saying "research and publication become more and more about less and less"(Line 4, Para. 3)?
选项
A、The university research field is full of ups and downs.
B、Research is not compatible with publication in education.
C、There are more researches but they’re into a narrower field.
D、There are more research results but less are for publication.
答案
C
解析
理解该句需结合上下文。该句的下一句则提到,每个学者不是负责研究某一学科的一个分支,而是研究那些通常和真正重要的问题毫不相关的有限知识的一个分支。由“某一学科的一个分支”到“有限知识”可知,less and less指的是研究的范围越来越窄,more and more指的则是研究和出版物的数量越来越多,故答案为[C]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RQ97777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
DoctorSheldonPollackwaschargedthat______.TheinvestigationofOntario’sCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsistofind__
It’sasimplecalculus,kidsandmoney:Frombirthuntilcollegegraduation,childrenconsumedollarslikethey’rechickennugge
GeneticallyModifiedFoods—FeedtheWorld?Ifyouwanttosparkaheateddebateatadinnerparty,bringupthetopicabou
GeneticallyModifiedFoods—FeedtheWorld?Ifyouwanttosparkaheateddebateatadinnerparty,bringupthetopicabou
Scotlandisauniqueplace.IthassomeofthemostbeautifulcitiesinEurope,alivingevidenceofasplendidandproudpast.
Highereducationhasaresponsibilitytoprovideaworkforcewiththedesigncapabilityandhigh-leveltechnicaldesignskillst
A、Atleastonceamonth.B、Atleasttwiceamonth.C、Atleastonceayear.D、Atleasttwiceayear.C细节题。根据文中的Makeitaruleto
A、Hehaseditedthreebooks.B、Hehasboughtthewrongbook.C、Hehaslosthalfofhismoney.D、Hehasfoundthechemistrybook.
Awkward!NinestickyworksituationsandhowtofixthemDealingwithweirdnessintheofficeisnevereasy,butit’sessent
A、Becauseshehasanappointmentwiththeman.B、Becauseshehasanappointmentwiththesalesmanager.C、Becauseshewantstof
随机试题
下列关于声音的叙述,错误的是()
研究重点是下属与领导方式的理论是
中国药典(2000年版)规定纯化水的酸碱度是通过指示剂的变色来控制限量,采用的指示剂是( )
在我国诱发原发性肝癌最主要的疾病是
(),国务院《关于进一步加强安全生产工作的决定》(国发[2004]2号),是党和政府加强安全生产工作的又一重大举措,是指导安全生产工作的纲领性文件。
甲证券公司欲申请融资融券业务试点,下列情形符合申请条件的有( )。
在正常情况下.商业银行的流动性覆盖率和净稳定融资比率都不得低于()。
按理化性质对货物进行分区分类保管的分区分类方法,便于仓库对货物采取相应的养护措施,便于进行清查盘点,便于提高货位的利用率。()
Kidsspendanincreasingfractionoftheirformativeyearsonline.Itisahabittheydutifully【C1】______intoadulthood.Undert
TheperiodimmediatelyfollowingtheCivilWarwasatimeofgreathopeforBlacksinAmerica.Itwasalsoatimeofmomentous【2
最新回复
(
0
)