首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Read the paragraphs on the Japanese management. For Questions 61 to 65, match the number of each paragraph to one of the topic
Read the paragraphs on the Japanese management. For Questions 61 to 65, match the number of each paragraph to one of the topic
admin
2011-01-21
58
问题
Read the paragraphs on the Japanese management. For Questions 61 to 65, match the number of each paragraph to one of the topics (A to E)given below.
Paragraph 1:
Japanese managers believe that change and initiative within an organization should come from those closest to the problem. So they elicit change from below. Top-level Japanese managers see their task as creating an atmosphere in which subordinates are motivated to seek better solutions.
Paragraph 2:
Japanese managers do not view themselves as having all the answers. When a subordinate brings in a proposal, the manager neither accepts nor rejects it. Rather, he tactfully, politely asks questions, makes suggestions, and provides encouragement.
Paragraph 3:
In the Japanese system, junior(middle) managers are initiators who perceive problems and formulate tentative solutions in coordination with others; they are not functional specialists who carry out their boss’ s directives. Because so much emphasis is placed on coordination and integration, solutions to problems evolve more slowly, but they are known and understood by all those who have been a part of the solution generation process. Horizontal communication is stressed as essential to the coordination of problem-solving efforts.
Paragraph 4:
The Japanese are less inclined to think in terms of absolutes, that is, the solution (which right) versus the alternatives (which are wrong). Rather, they recognize a range of alternatives, several of which might work and all of which possess advantages and disadvantages. When a group makes a decision, all members become committed to the chosen solution. From a Japanese perspective , that commitment, and the ensuing dedication toward working to make the solution successful, Is probably more important than the objective quality of the decision. The Japanese have an interesting concept of consensus. Those who consent to a decision are not necessarily endorsing it. Rather, consent means that each person is satisfied that his point of view has been fairly heard, and although he or she may not wholly agree that the decision is the best one, he or she is willing to go along with it and even support it.
Paragraph 5:
Japanese managers have a kind of paternalistic attitude toward their employees. Traditionally, Japanese organizations have offered their workers housing, extensive recreational facilities, and life-time employment. The Japanese believe that it is impossible to divorce a worker’ s personal and professional lives. Good managers express concern for workers as persons with homes and families as well as for the quality of products the workers produce. Managers work alongside their subordinates , counsel them regarding their personal lives, and encourage much peer interaction.
Now match each of the Paragraphs (61 to 65)to the appropriate statement.
Statements
[A] Consensus as A Way of Making Decisions
[B] Top Management as Facilitator
[C] Bottom-up Initiative
[D] Concern for Employees’ Personal Well-being
[E] Middle Management as Impetus for and Shaper of Solutions
Paragraph 1
选项
答案
[C] Bottom-up Initiative
解析
第一段第二句话提到“日本经营者从公司底层进行改革”,这当然是自下而上的,与C项“bottom-up initiative”之义相吻合。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RU3d777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语三级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语三级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thcenturyandthediffusionofprintinginthe15thand1
MarkTwain’sletterabouttheStatueofLiberty______.
Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.Butmuchofthearchipelago’spoliti
Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:21it,itwouldnotbepossibletopaythesoldiersandpolicemenw
Mostpeoplewouldbe21bythehighqualityofmedicine22tomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealof
Studythefollowingtwopicturescarefullyandwriteanessayonthem.Inyouressay,youshould(1)describethepicturesbri
Thehousenextdoorhadbeenemptyforsolongthatwehadquiteforgottenwhatitwasliketo haveneighbours.Oneday,howev
Therearetwoaspectswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.ThefirstistheDrainbeisborn【C1】______Humanbrainsdiff
Therearetwoaspectswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.ThefirstistheDrainbeisborn【C1】______Humanbrainsdiff
Therearetwoaspectswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.ThefirstistheDrainbeisborn【C1】______Humanbrainsdiff
随机试题
患者男性,30岁,1年前下岗。近5个月来觉得邻居都在议论他,常不怀好意地盯着他,有时对着窗外大骂,自语,自笑,整天闭门不出,拨110电话要求保护。治疗应首先选用
倒虹吸管宜采用钢筋混凝土或混凝土圆管,进出水口必须设置()。
背景资料:承包人承担某堤防工程,工程项目的内容为堤段Ⅰ(土石结构)和堤段Ⅱ(混凝土结构),合同双方依据《堤防和疏浚工程施工合同范本》签订了合同。签约合同价为600万元,合同工期为120天。合同约定:①工程预付款为签约合同价的10%;当工
报检日期按检验检疫机构受理报检的日期来填写。()
成都银丝工艺品的代表作有()。
改革开放以来,社会、文化的开放一直在稳步向前推进,几十年来______的喜剧赢得了前所未有的生存空间,以前只能在民间流行但不能______的喜剧语言艺术,终于开始被主流文化接受了。依次填入划横线部分最恰当的一项是()。
通常人们不认为美国是一个有很多长尾鹦鹉爱好者的国家,然而在对一批挑选出来进行比较的国家中养长尾鹦鹉的人做的一项人口调查中,美国以每百人中有11人养长尾鹦鹉而排名第二。由此可得出结论:美国人比大多数其他国家的人更喜欢养长尾鹦鹉。知道以下哪项将最有助于
建设创新型国家。核心就要把增强自主创新能力作为
设X1,X2,…,Xn+1是来自正态总体N(μ,σ2)的简单随机样本,记.已知则k,m的值分别为
EightforeignaidworkerswerearrestedinAfghanistanbecauseoftheir______activities.
最新回复
(
0
)