首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer
admin
2010-06-11
62
问题
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer serve as an adequate mechanism for carrying out the political functions of the society. The following may be identified as political functions: (1) to protect the society from external threats; (2) to insure order in the society; (3) to resolve conflicts within the society, and (4) to allocate resources of the society.
In simple, homogeneous societies there seems to be widespread agreement on the values that underlie solutions to these social requirements. But complexity implies a measure of diversity of interests and values. Consensus cannot be taken for granted, for solutions that benefit one set of interests may have detrimental effects on another. Questions arise to challenge the assumption that there is a common interest and that universally satisfying solutions to problems can be devised: Whose interests need protection from external threats? Whose norms provide the basis for order? Whose interests are served in conflict resolution? Who gets what in resource allocation? Order at which price? Because people at different positions in the social order tend to offer different answers to such questions, choices among alternatives are necessary.
It is obvious, then, that control of the apparatus through which these decisions are made and implemented is of crucial import. The essence of political process is the struggle between individuals and groups with different interests to gain the decision-making power. Power refers to the ability of an individual or group to have its will carried our even in the face of opposition to it. In terms of political functions it means being in a position to determine the answers to questions issuing from social complexity that concern whose interests and values are to be addressed.
Conflict and functional theorists differ in their conceptions of political power. Functionalists assert that only through some concentration of power can collective goals be achieved. They view the state apparatus as a mechanism for accomplishing these positive goals. Conflict theorists, on the other hand, view the state as serving the ruling economic class and see its function as maintaining the dominance of this class.
The word "homogeneous" in the first line of paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
选项
A、democratic
B、primitive
C、similar
D、withdrawn
答案
C
解析
homogeneous 的意思是“同类的”,“类似的”,“均一的”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RXKK777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
【S1】【S8】
What’speople’sresponsetoaneutralstimulus?Theword"amygdala"(Line2,Para.4)probablyreferstotheareainthebrainth
A、ItsellsverywellinJapan.B、Itissupportedbythegovernment.C、Itisquestionedbytheoldgeneration.D、Itcausesmisund
A、Listeningtodifferentstylesofconversations.B、Listeningtothecontentofdifferentconversations.C、Listeningtohowsale
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterprise.It’s【B1】economyinwhichconsumersdeterminew
Fromthepassagewecaninfertaboois______.Apartfromthisnewunderstandingofthecorrelationbetweenhealthandexercise
A、Interested.B、Indifferent.C、Suspicious.D、Negative.D女士建议男士选择坐游船去希腊或者土耳其旅行,男士说味道浓郁的食物
Accordingtobehaviorism,allhumanactions______.Thechildren’sbehaviorinthelastparagraph______.
A、Hewasadoctor.B、Hewasawriter.C、Hewasanactor.D、Hewasateacher.C细节明示题。主要考查同位语的用法。4个选项说明职业的词在短文中都出现过,但TheWesternm
随机试题
某工程网络计划中,工作M的总时差为6天,自由时差为4天;在计划执行情况的检查中,发现只有工作M的实际进度拖后了7天。则关于工作M实际进度的说法,正确的是()。
下列心跳骤停紧急处理措施中错误的是()
制定胃癌的治疗方案常依据
下列药物不属于桃红四物汤组方药物的是
民事活动应当遵循()的原则。
教师与幼儿沟通时,不正确的做法是()。
学校教学工作包括哪几个基本程序?
关于“十二五”时期我国取得的重大成就,下列相关叙述不准确的是()。
A、Thelowefficiencyoftheiroperation.B、Competitionfromothermodesoftransport.C、Constantcomplaintsfrompassengers.D、T
A、Displayingyourexcitementaboutthejob.B、Expressingyourthankfulnesstothemanager.C、Showingyourqualificationforthe
最新回复
(
0
)