首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer
admin
2010-06-11
24
问题
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer serve as an adequate mechanism for carrying out the political functions of the society. The following may be identified as political functions: (1) to protect the society from external threats; (2) to insure order in the society; (3) to resolve conflicts within the society, and (4) to allocate resources of the society.
In simple, homogeneous societies there seems to be widespread agreement on the values that underlie solutions to these social requirements. But complexity implies a measure of diversity of interests and values. Consensus cannot be taken for granted, for solutions that benefit one set of interests may have detrimental effects on another. Questions arise to challenge the assumption that there is a common interest and that universally satisfying solutions to problems can be devised: Whose interests need protection from external threats? Whose norms provide the basis for order? Whose interests are served in conflict resolution? Who gets what in resource allocation? Order at which price? Because people at different positions in the social order tend to offer different answers to such questions, choices among alternatives are necessary.
It is obvious, then, that control of the apparatus through which these decisions are made and implemented is of crucial import. The essence of political process is the struggle between individuals and groups with different interests to gain the decision-making power. Power refers to the ability of an individual or group to have its will carried our even in the face of opposition to it. In terms of political functions it means being in a position to determine the answers to questions issuing from social complexity that concern whose interests and values are to be addressed.
Conflict and functional theorists differ in their conceptions of political power. Functionalists assert that only through some concentration of power can collective goals be achieved. They view the state apparatus as a mechanism for accomplishing these positive goals. Conflict theorists, on the other hand, view the state as serving the ruling economic class and see its function as maintaining the dominance of this class.
The word "homogeneous" in the first line of paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
选项
A、democratic
B、primitive
C、similar
D、withdrawn
答案
C
解析
homogeneous 的意思是“同类的”,“类似的”,“均一的”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RXKK777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Theethicalbehaviorrefersto______.Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat______.
Ifthedrugproveseffectiveinhumantrials,itcouldenhancetheeffectivenessofexistingAIDSdrugsin______.Accordingto
【B1】【B9】
AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization,howmanypeoplearekilledbyoutdoorairpollution?AccordingtoBobbyPeck,targeting
Thereissomethinghardto【B1】aboutcherries.Thesmallredfruitisapopular【B2】foodaroundtheworld.Innorthernareas,ch
A、25million.B、100million.C、50million.D、75million.BHowmanychildrendonotreceiveeducationorhealthcareaccordingto
Intheolddays,childrenwerefamiliarwithbirthanddeathaspartoflife.ThisisperhapsthefirstgenerationofAmericany
HappyEarthDayTheGoodNewsHere’sthegoodnews:ourairiscleaner,ourlakesarepurer,ourforestsarehealthier,endan
A、Itiswrongtogivemorepaytothepassengers.B、Don’tfollowotherstooverchargethepassengers.C、Don’tbelievethemifth
Ibelievethat____________________(全面来看,要构想出一个能摆脱贫困的计划绝非易事).
随机试题
国家标准规定直径为3.2mm和4mm的焊条,其偏心度不应大于直径的()。
A中性区B舌侧翼缘区后部C颊侧翼缘区D远中颊角区E上颌硬区
下列各项中,哪一项不是肺动脉高压征的X线表现
事故发生后,关于事故报告程序,说法正确的有()。
下列各选项中,属于总账科目的有()。
某化妆品生产企业是增值税一般纳税人,2009年10月份生产销售了一批化妆品,不含税售价为100万元。消费税税率为30%。则该企业10月份应缴纳的消费税为( )万元。
甲公司的开户银行为P银行。2018年4月1日,甲公司委派员工张某携带一张公司签发的出票日期为2018年4月1日、金额和收款人名称均空白的转账支票赴乙公司洽谈业务,为支付货款,张某在支票上填写金额15万元后交付乙公司。当日,为偿还所欠丙公司劳务费,乙公司将支
市场不能提供纯公共物品是因为()。
2007年该省贸易顺差为()万美元下列说法正确的是()
宋朝书院教育的特点。
最新回复
(
0
)