首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer
admin
2010-06-11
45
问题
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer serve as an adequate mechanism for carrying out the political functions of the society. The following may be identified as political functions: (1) to protect the society from external threats; (2) to insure order in the society; (3) to resolve conflicts within the society, and (4) to allocate resources of the society.
In simple, homogeneous societies there seems to be widespread agreement on the values that underlie solutions to these social requirements. But complexity implies a measure of diversity of interests and values. Consensus cannot be taken for granted, for solutions that benefit one set of interests may have detrimental effects on another. Questions arise to challenge the assumption that there is a common interest and that universally satisfying solutions to problems can be devised: Whose interests need protection from external threats? Whose norms provide the basis for order? Whose interests are served in conflict resolution? Who gets what in resource allocation? Order at which price? Because people at different positions in the social order tend to offer different answers to such questions, choices among alternatives are necessary.
It is obvious, then, that control of the apparatus through which these decisions are made and implemented is of crucial import. The essence of political process is the struggle between individuals and groups with different interests to gain the decision-making power. Power refers to the ability of an individual or group to have its will carried our even in the face of opposition to it. In terms of political functions it means being in a position to determine the answers to questions issuing from social complexity that concern whose interests and values are to be addressed.
Conflict and functional theorists differ in their conceptions of political power. Functionalists assert that only through some concentration of power can collective goals be achieved. They view the state apparatus as a mechanism for accomplishing these positive goals. Conflict theorists, on the other hand, view the state as serving the ruling economic class and see its function as maintaining the dominance of this class.
The word "homogeneous" in the first line of paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
选项
A、democratic
B、primitive
C、similar
D、withdrawn
答案
C
解析
homogeneous 的意思是“同类的”,“类似的”,“均一的”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RXKK777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Industry.B、Health.C、Thefutureofourchildren.D、Cleanair.AAccordingtothepassage,whatdoesmanvalueamongthefollow
A、Theclose-upsareperfect.B、Thedialoguesareeasytounderstand.C、It’snotboringatall.D、Itdoesn’ttellanystory.DWha
Whatistheonehugeproblemthatwehaven’treallysolved?Scientistsandenvironmentaliststhinkthatglobalwarmingcanbe_
A、Someonewhoalwaystalksabouthimself.B、Themostviolenttypeofcoworkers.C、Someonewhostabsyourback.D、Themostcommon
A、Americansvowtochangeit.B、Itisnotasbadasitusedtobe.C、Americansknowhowhaditistotheirhealth.D、Americansd
A、Atleast60hadbeentestedonBritishroads.B、30wereshippedfromEnglandtoSpainincontainers.C、About50weretransport
Theresearchersfindthattherearestrongerconnectionsbetween______.Theconclusionsfromthestudyindicatethat______.
TheauthorconsidersthatFrance______.IncomparingFrenchandEnglisheducation,theauthorindicatesthat______.
A、Thewomanborrowedsomemoneyfromthemallanddidn’twanttoreturnit.B、Themanlentsomemoneytothewomananddidn’twa
Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonwork-forceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.Human-resourcemanagementisn
随机试题
常温季节,石灰土基层需洒水养护(),养护期应封闭交通。
驼业种树,凡长安豪富人为观游及卖果者,皆争迎取养。业种树:争迎取养:
只用于通气的是( )通气管。
下列人员中,不能担任董事、监事、经理的有()。
(2010年考试真题)下列各项中,依照《企业国有资产法》及有关法律、行政法规的规定,代表国家对国家出资企业履行出资人职责的有()。
甲公司将一幢自有二层楼房租赁给乙公司作为经营用房,双方签订租赁合同,合同约定:租赁期限自2006年1月1日至2009年12月31日,租金为每月5000元,在每月初的前3天支付上月的租金。合同未约定房屋维修责任的承担以及是否可以转租等问题。2007年3月,甲
A、1B、2C、4D、6A(5+15)÷(3+2)÷2=2,(12+24)÷(4+5)÷2=2,(14+8)÷(8+3)÷2=(1)。
交换机Console端口连接计算机的(39),可进行交换机的配置。
(1)Sometimes,medicalsciencemakesbreakthroughsthatalmostno-oneseescoming.Othertimes,itjustseemstocatchupwithwh
Oneoftheadvantagesofmostpaidworkisthatitgiveschancesofsuccessandopportunitiesforambition.Inmostworksuccess
最新回复
(
0
)