首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the
admin
2010-06-30
45
问题
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the brain’s physical deterioration.
【61】
It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person.
Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.
"That may seem like bad news," said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. 【62】
However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.
The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the "reserve" hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain ages; in essence, they have more brain tissue to spare.
【63】
Examining brain scans(脑部扫描的X光片) of 320 healthy men and women aged 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrink age of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex(脑皮层).
Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.
"Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage," Coffey said. "People lose (on average) 2.5 percent per decade starting in adulthood."
There is, however, a "remarkable range" of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain tissue loss throughout adulthood.
In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss.
【64】
Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid(脑脊液) surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical(脑皮层的) shrinkage.
Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters 11 more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain. Just how education might affect brain ceils is unknown. 【65】
In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage.
【65】
选项
答案
研究人员在报告中推测,在接受过较多教育的人的大脑中,某些比脑皮层更深层次的结构可能完好无损,从而弥补脑皮层萎缩带来的损失。
解析
句子框架是In their report,the researchers speculated that...,certain brain structures...may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage。本句中含有—个宾语从句,宾语从句中,比较级deeper than the cortex修饰主语certain brain structure;compensate for翻译为“弥补”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RaPd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Mostpeopleareright-handedandchildrenusuallyhavethesamehandednessastheirparents.Thissuggeststhatgenesareatwor
Mostpeopleareright-handedandchildrenusuallyhavethesamehandednessastheirparents.Thissuggeststhatgenesareatwor
Mostexpertsbelievethatanever-increasingnumberofcountriesandterroristgroupswillgainthetechnicalcapabilitytoacqu
TheVillageGreeninNewMilford,Connecticut,isasnapshotofNewEnglandcharm:acarefullymanicuredlawnflankedbyscrupul
Therewasatimeinthelate17thcenturywhennorespectablemonarchwouldbeseenwithoutaguitar.BothLouisXIVandCharle
PaoloFril,chairmanandscientificofficerofGeneDupe,basedinSanMelito,California,isamanwithadream.Thedreamisa
PaoloFril,chairmanandscientificofficerofGeneDupe,basedinSanMelito,California,isamanwithadream.Thedreamisa
PaoloFril,chairmanandscientificofficerofGeneDupe,basedinSanMelito,California,isamanwithadream.Thedreamisa
OnehundredandthirteenmillionAmericanshaveatleastonebank-issuedcreditcard.Theygivetheirownersautomatic(31)____
OnehundredandthirteenmillionAmericanshaveatleastonebank-issuedcreditcard.Theygivetheirownersautomatic(31)____
随机试题
软件测试的方法可分为静态测试和()
女性,13岁,因支原体肺炎使用四环素治疗2周,近日有腹痛、腹泻并伴有虚脱,此现象属于药物引起的
男,54岁,慢性咳嗽10年,气急3年,逐渐加重。X线胸片示肋间隙增宽,两肺透亮度增加,右上圆形透亮区,两下肺纹理紊乱。诊断应先考虑
检查S042-时,SO42-的最佳浓度是
重力坝地基透水性较大时,为了防渗、减小扬压力并防止地基的破坏,采取的地基处理措施是()。
票据上的签章和其他记载事项应当真实,不得伪造、变造。()
( )用于衡量银行实际承担损失超出预计损失的那部分损失。
在正常运输情况下,海上货物运输保险的责任起讫以“仓至仓”条款为依据,但货物自目的港卸离海轮时起,满(),无论被保险货物是否进入收货人仓库,保险责任均告终止。
色觉异常的人辨认颜色的线索是()
下面标点符号使用没有错误的一项是()。
最新回复
(
0
)