首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
(l)Although numbers of animals in a given region may fluctuate from year to year, the fluctuations are often temporary and, over
(l)Although numbers of animals in a given region may fluctuate from year to year, the fluctuations are often temporary and, over
admin
2017-02-18
72
问题
(l)Although numbers of animals in a given region may fluctuate from year to year, the fluctuations are often temporary and, over long periods, trivial. Scientists have advanced three theories of population control to account for this relative constancy.
(2)The first theory attributes a relatively constant population to periodic climatic catastrophes that decimate populations with such frequency as to prevent them from exceeding some particular limit. In the case of small organisms with short life cycles, climatic changes need not be catastrophic: normal seasonal changes in photoperiod (daily amount of sunlight), for example, can govern population growth. This theory—the density-independent view—asserts that climatic factors exert the same regulatory effect on population regardless of the number of individuals in a region.
(3)A second theory argues that population growth is primarily density-dependent—that is, the rate of growth of a population in a region decreases as the number of animals increases. The mechanisms that manage regulation may vary. For example, as numbers increase, the food supply would probably diminish, which would increase mortality. In addition, as Lotka and Volterra have shown, predators can find prey more easily in high-density populations. Other regulators include physiological control mechanisms: for example, Christian and Davis have demonstrated how the crowding that results from a rise in numbers may bring about hormonal changes in the pituitary (垂体) and adrenal glands (肾上腺) that in turn may regulate population by lowering sexual activity and inhibiting sexual maturation. There is evidence that these effects may persist for three generations in the absence of the original provocation. One challenge for density-dependent theorists is to develop models that would allow the precise prediction of the effects of crowding.
(4)A third theory, proposed by Wynne-Edwards and termed "epideictic", argues that organisms have evolved a "code" in the form of social or epideictic behavior displays, such as winter roosting aggregations or group vocalizing; such codes provide organisms with information on population size in a region so that they can, if necessary, exercise reproductive restraint. However, Wynne-Edwards’ theory, linking animal social behavior and population control, has been challenged, with some justification, by several studies.
The challenge posed to the Wynne-Edwards’ theory by several studies is regarded by the author with _____.
选项
A、complete indifference
B、qualified acceptance
C、skeptical amusement
D、perplexed astonishment
答案
B
解析
观点题。原文末段末句评价with some justification相当于“有条件地接受”之义。故选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RgJK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Althoughhehasbecomerich,heisstillvery______ofhismoney.
Inordertorepairbarns,buildfence,growcrops,andcareforanimalsafarmermustindeedbe______.
Hardshipdidnotendwithfreedom.Therewere【C1】______regionalvariationinboththestatusand【C2】______offreeblacksduring
Hardshipdidnotendwithfreedom.Therewere【C1】______regionalvariationinboththestatusand【C2】______offreeblacksduring
Hardshipdidnotendwithfreedom.Therewere【C1】______regionalvariationinboththestatusand【C2】______offreeblacksduring
Hardshipdidnotendwithfreedom.Therewere【C1】______regionalvariationinboththestatusand【C2】______offreeblacksduring
WhatstandardintroducedbyFordin1913isconsideredadvancedeventoday?
WhatstandardintroducedbyFordin1913isconsideredadvancedeventoday?
WhatisthebiggestchallengeinbirdflucontrolinIndonesia?
[A]addicts[B]adjustments[C]administration[D]amazing[E]bother[F]compares[G]conserves[H]constantly[I]dominant[J]eliminate[K]laun
随机试题
InherfouryearsattheUniversityofVirginia,JessicaFowler,22,hashadmuchsuccess,includingwinningadmissiontoDukeU
肾病综合征患者,下列哪项病理类型通常不出现肾功能损害?
患者男性24岁,右下后牙区胀痛4天,进食吞咽时加重,一天前出现局部自发性跳痛,张口受限。查右面颊部、下颌角区轻度肿胀,张口度二指,右下8垂直低位阻生,表面牙龈红肿,盲袋内溢脓,咽侧壁稍充血,无明显压痛
A.苯醌B.萘醌C.菲醌D.蒽醌E.三萜大黄素属于
根据阀瓣前后的压力差自动启闭,有严格的方向性,只许介质向一个方向流动,而阻止其逆向流动的阀门是( )。
麦芽糖在小肠粘膜上皮细胞表面上水解为()。
IwrotedownthenumbersothatI______rememberit.
EnglishforSpecificPurposesESP:EnglishforSpecificPurposesESL:EnglishasaSecondLanguageI.DifferencesbetweenESPa
PresidentClinton’sdecisiononApr.8tosendChinesePremierZhuRongjipackingwithoutanagreementonChina’sentryintothe
WhichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisINCORRECT?
最新回复
(
0
)