首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Bullying can have harmful effects on childhood development, and the latest research reveals those detrimental influences may eve
Bullying can have harmful effects on childhood development, and the latest research reveals those detrimental influences may eve
admin
2015-01-09
34
问题
Bullying can have harmful effects on childhood development, and the latest research reveals those detrimental influences may even stretch into adulthood, depending on how victims handle the trauma.
Studies have documented higher rates of anxiety and panic attacks among victims of bullying, and such experiences are increasingly linked to mental health and behavior problems later in life. The latest look at the legacy of bullying reveals its more practical consequences on everything from employment to social relationships.
In the new research published in the journal Psychological Science, a team of researchers from the University of Warwick and Duke University Medical Center studied 1,420 children between the ages nine to 16 who reported being victims of bullying, acting as bullies, or both(bully-victims). They also looked at a children not involved in bullying as a control group. The students were questioned four to six times during the study, and when they were between 24 to 26 years old, they were evaluated on certain psychiatric measures, whether they engaged in risky or illegal behaviors, their wealth, and the status of their social relationships.
The scientists found that people who were bullied were two times less likely to hold down a job and also had difficulty maintaining meaningful social relationships compared to those who did not experience bullying. The bullied participants also reported having a hard time keeping long term friendships and staying in touch with their parents. Interestingly, the group that admitted to having the most problems with employment and relationships were the bully-victims. Previous work suggested that those who were bullied as children may become bullies themselves; part of the psychological legacy of bullying could include lack of emotional control or healthy coping mechanisms that may perpetuate the harmful behavior. The bully-victims had the highest rates of serious illness and unhealthy behaviors such as smoking.
"The intensity of the emotional pain bullying elicits, and the fact that other people underestimate how much hurt they feel makes being bullied an incredibly traumatic experience that can leave significant emotional scars," says psychologist Guy Winch, and author of "Emotional First Aid: Practical Strategies for Treating Failure, Rejection, Guilt, and Other Everyday Psychological Injuries."
And that emotional damage can have painful consequences; some brain imaging studies have shown that the sense of rejection caused by bullying activates the same pathways in the brain linked to physical pain.
Such lasting effects of bullying highlight the importance of not only preventing it but helping victims to develop proper coping mechanisms, say experts. The relationships children have at home, for example, can be critical for minimizing the lasting harm bullying can have, and addressing instances of bullying early can also limit profound psychological damage.
According to Winch, addressing four potential harms of bullying can support victims in overcoming the experience and in holding back the negative effects:
Find ways to revive their self-esteem and not descend into shame and self-hatred; Heal from the severe emotional pain; Manage the surges in anger and aggression they are likely to feel, which can directed not only to others but to themselves as well; Restore their sense of belonging to reinforce feelings of being accepted, valued, and loved.
"Some people are more resilient and tend to do some of these healing and curative things naturally. They might seek out their close friends and get emotional support from them, and by doing so remind themselves that they’re accepted and appreciated," says Winch.
For others, however, such strategies may be harder to adopt, and some children may instinctively withdraw and isolate themselves as a way to protect themselves from further rejection. "But by doing so, they leave their psychological wounds untreated and increase their feelings of isolation," explains Winch. "It is this latter group that is more likely to develop problems that are long lasting."
When it comes to addressing the effects of bullying, timing is everything, says Winch. As with other psychological trauma, recovery is more effective if healing begins as soon after the damaging experience as possible, before negative and harmful strategies can take hold. While victims of bullying can still heal from this trauma later in life, that path to recovery is far more difficult than finding healthy ways of coping soon after the bullying occurs.
What can be inferred from the new research published in the journal Psychological Science?
选项
A、Bullied participants were good at doing jobs.
B、Bullied participants had difficulty getting legacy from their parents.
C、Bullied participants had healthier emotional coping mechanisms.
D、People in control group could keep jobs more easily than other groups.
答案
D
解析
推理题。由题干中的Psychological Science定位至第三段第一句。第三段主要描述科学家实验的内容,故可看第四段,第一句中的关键词“scientists found that”表明此处为研究的结果:科学家发现,受欺凌的人当中,能保住自己的工作的人数还不到未受欺凌的人的二分之一,而且很难维持有意义的社会关系。根据对实验内容的说明可知,这里将未受过欺凌的孩子视为对照组。[D]意为“对照组中的人更容易保住自己的工作”,故为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RgdO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Researcherssaylightexercisemayhelpto
______iswell-knownforitsimportantroleintheAmericanspacenavigationprogram.
Ateamofinternationalresearchershasfoundnewevidencethatanendangeredsubspeciesofchimpanzeeisthesourceoftheviru
WhichofthefollowingisNOTthemajorpartyofAustralia?
Itistakenasagreatcontributionmadeby______thatlanguagesintheworldareclassifiedintodifferentlanguagefamiliesa
Christmasisthetimetomakethebelovedonesfeelspecial.Ahugandakisswouldprobablybemorethanenoughbutgiftsare
Poetrydoesn’tmattertomostpeople.Onehastowonderifpoetryhasanyplaceinthe21stcentury,whenmusicvideosandsat
A、Establishashipfactory.B、Establishacloserelationshipwithotherleaders.C、EstablishamembershipoftheBureau.D、Nothi
都市寸土千金,地价炒得越来越高,今后将更高。拥有一个小小花园的希望,对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望,一种梦想。我想,其实谁都有一个小小花园,这便是我们的内心世界。人的智力需要开发,人的内心世界也是需要开发的。人和动物的区别,除了众所周知的诸多方面,恐怕
人生有三重境界,这三重境界可以用一段充满禅机的语言来说明,这段语言便是:看山是山,看水是水;看山不是山,看水不是水;看山还是山,看水还是水。这就是说一个人的人生之初纯洁无瑕,初识世界,一切都是新鲜的.眼睛看见什么就是什么.人家告诉他这是山,他就认
随机试题
信息传播过程除了信息源和终点外,还包括()
计算机不能直接识别十进制数,但能直接识别二进制数。()
备选项目之间存在多种关系,下列不属于项目之间关系的是( )。
在建设项目施工招标过程中,应包括在资格预审文件中的是()。
热力管网试运行应连续运行()。
()是通过一套完善的系统监控、跟踪和评估的流程,保证员工能够符合公司最新的合规政策,公司的流程规范以及国家的法律和法规等,从而帮助公司全面实现既定目标,有效降低运作风险并最终使其成为基金管理人。
生产力的发展、私有制的产生,是警察产生的经济条件。( )
白驹过隙:度日如年
“小小寰球,有几个苍蝇碰壁。嗡嗡叫,几声凄厉;几声抽泣。蚂蚁缘槐夸大国,蚍蜉撼树谈何易。正西风落叶下长安,飞鸣镝。多少事,从来急;天地转,光阴迫。一万年太久,只争朝夕。四海翻腾云水怒。五洲震荡风雷激。要扫除一切害人虫,全无敌。”这首《满江红》是______
在一棵二叉树上第5层的结点数最多是()。
最新回复
(
0
)