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  3. In the art of the Middle Ages, we never encounter the personality of the artist as an individual; rather, it is diffused through

In the art of the Middle Ages, we never encounter the personality of the artist as an individual; rather, it is diffused through

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问题     In the art of the Middle Ages, we never encounter the personality of the artist as an individual; rather, it is diffused through the artistic genius of centuries embodied in the rules of religious art. Art of the Middle Ages is a sacred script, the symbols and meanings of which were well settled. The circular halo placed vertically behind the head signifies sainthood, while the halo impressed with a cross signifies divinity. By bare feet, we recognize God, the angels, Jesus Christ and the apostles, but for an artist to have depicted the Virgin Mary with bare feet would have been tantamount to heresy. Several concentric, wavy lines represent the sky, while parallel lines represent water or the sea. A tree, which is to say a single stalk with two or three stylized leaves, informs us that the scene is laid on earth. A tower with a window indicates a village; and should an angel be watching from the battlements, that city is thereby identified as Jerusalem. Saint Peter is always depicted with curly hair, a short beard and a tonsure, while Saint Paul always has a bald head and a long beard.
    Through this system, even the most mediocre talent was elevated by the genius of the centuries. The artist of the early Renaissance broke with tradition at their own peril. When they are not outstanding, they are scarcely able to avoid insignificance and banality in their religious works; and even when they are great, they are no more than the equals of the old masters who passively followed the sacred rules.
By the phrase "diffused through the ’artistic genius of centuries," the author most likely means ______.
选项 A、the individual artists of the Middle Ages did not have serious talent
B、great works of art from the Middle Ages have survived until now
C、an artist who faithfully followed the rules of religious art was not recognized during his lifetime
D、the rules of religious art, developed over time, left little freedom for the artist
答案D
解析 宗教艺术的准则经历了很长时间才得以形成，它们没有给艺术家留下多少自由。根据第一段的第一句，就中世纪的艺术而言，我们从未碰到过艺术家的个性。还可以根据第二段的第二句选择正确答案D，这句话的意思是：文艺复兴时期的艺术家冒着风险才能摆脱传统的东西。
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