2. 外语
  3. No, autumn is not always heaven on earth. The season does induce a quickening of the blood and a heightening of humankind’s sens

No, autumn is not always heaven on earth. The season does induce a quickening of the blood and a heightening of humankind’s sens

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问题     No, autumn is not always heaven on earth. The season does induce a quickening of the blood and a heightening of humankind’s sensual pleasures. Yet the very jubilant excesses that ensue often lead, at last, to the well-known post-Thanksgiving "holiday blues." In darker ways still, fate and tragedy have made some American Novembers seem more cruel than April. Autumn is honest, it does not pretend to be heaven. Yet almost everybody recognizes that the season’s character transcends those familiar bracing days, crystal nights, bigger stars, vaulted skies, fluted twilights, harvest moons, frosted pumpkins and that riotous foliage that impels whole traffic jams of leaf freaks up into New England (even though Columnist Russell Baker has reminded them that "if you’ve seen 1 billion leaves, you’ve not seen them all"). What is not widely recognized is that autumn is richly enhanced simply by what it is not. Specifically, it is not summer, winter or spring.
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答案 人世间秋天并不总是天堂。这个季节的确会加速血液循环、提高人们感官的兴奋程度。随之而来的纵情欢乐到了感恩节之后却能最终引起那有名的“节日忧郁症”。更有甚者，灾难与悲剧似乎曾使美国的某些十一月比四月更为残忍。秋天是诚实的，它并不把自己装扮成天堂。然而几乎每个人都明白秋天的特点并不止于凉爽的白昼、水晶样的夜晚、更大的星星、无垠的苍穹，长笛悠扬的黄昏、丰收时的月亮、长了白霜的南瓜以及那漫山遍野的红叶——它催逼着癖嗜它的人们到新英格兰去赏玩，以至形成了交通阻塞，尽管专栏作家罗素?贝克曾提醒他们说，“哪怕你看到的有十亿多片之多，也无法把所有的红叶看完。”有一个道理却还没有被普遍认识到：秋天之所以大受赞扬就因为它不是别的。确切地说，就因为它不是夏天、冬天或春天。
解析    1．The season does induce a quickening of the blood and a heightening of humankind’s sensual pleasures．
   英语倾向于多用名词，因而叙述呈静态(Stative)，汉语倾向于多用动词，因而叙述呈动态(Dynamic)。英译汉的过程往往是静态与动态的转换过程，适当地运用这一原理，常常可以使译文比较符合表达习惯。译文：这个季节的确会加速血液循环、提高人们感官的兴奋程度。
   2．“holiday blues”
   英汉语颜色词的涵义是不对应的。英语blue(蓝色)指“忧郁”。“holiday blues”译文：节日忧郁症。
   3．In darker ways still，fate and tragedy have made some American Novembers seem more cruel than April．
   In darker Ways still：更有甚者。fate一般指“命运”，但在这上下文中，与tragedy(悲剧)并列使用，指“灾难”。译文；更有甚者，灾难与悲剧似乎曾使羌国的某些十一月比四月更为残忍。
   4．Yet almost everybody recognizes that the season’s character transcends those familiar bracing days，crystal nights，bigger stars，vaulted skies，fluted twilights，harvest moons，frosted pumpkins and that riotous foliage that impels whole traffic jams of leaf freaks up into New England (even though Columnist Russell Baker has reminded them that“if you’ve seen l billion leaves，you’ve not seen them all”).
   英语句式呈“聚集型”，汉语句式呈“流散型”。因此在英译汉时要注意转化。本句中有八个“修饰语+名词”的名词短语组成的平行结构：bracing days，crystal nights，bigger stars，vaulted skies，fluted twilights， harvest moons，frosted pumpkins and that riotous foliage。英语形式十分紧凑，译文如按字面的话，会缺少一定信息，也不可读。这里可使用增补法，译作：凉爽的白昼、水晶样的夜晚、更大的星星、无垠的苍穹、长笛悠扬的黄昏、丰收时的月亮、长了白霜的南瓜以及那漫山遍野的红叶。
   同样，that impels whole traffic jams of leaf freaks up into New England形式也十分紧凑。译文必须扩展开，将“聚集型”句式转化为“流散型”的。译文；然而几乎每个人都明白秋天的特点并不止于凉爽的白昼、水晶样的夜晚、更大的星星、无垠的苍穹、长笛悠扬的黄昏、丰收时的月亮、长了白霜的南瓜以及那漫山遍野的红叶——它催逼着癖嗜它的人们到新英格兰去赏玩，以至形成了交通阻塞，尽管专栏作家罗素?贝克曾提醒他们说，“哪怕你看到的有十亿多片之多，也无法把所有的红叶看完。”
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