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  3. A few weeks ago, a well-meaning professor tried to explain the physiological process behind viruses and the human body in a twee

A few weeks ago, a well-meaning professor tried to explain the physiological process behind viruses and the human body in a twee

admin2022-09-05  75
问题     A few weeks ago, a well-meaning professor tried to explain the physiological process behind viruses and the human body in a tweet and was immediately criticized for a mistake in his information. He then issued an apology and deleted his erroneous tweet.
    Communicating science beyond the academic bubble is necessary to augmenting public understanding of health and environmental issues and helping individuals make well-informed personal decisions.
    However, scientists who engage in science communication must acknowledge that even in their area, their expertise is deep but narrow. They need to recognize the constraints in their own knowledge. That is not to suggest that they only write or present on their own research, but rather, that they consult with an expert if the topic is outside of their discipline. Fact-checking with a scientist who works in the specialty will prevent the unintentional spread of misinformation, and the process of doing so may yield tiny pieces of interesting new information that can be incorporated.
    Some have argued that the public is not educated enough to understand scientific information, especially for any complex phenomena, but this is absurd. Science instruction can be found at all levels of public education with most secondary schools offering classes on biology, physics, and chemistry. If anything, social media has shown that the public craves knowledge based on a solid scientific foundation. Even the public discourse that follows most scientific articles shows that online readers can understand even the most baffling of scientific principles.
    It is equally imperative to emphasize that being an expert on a topic does not automatically make a scholar qualified to communicate it to a nonscientific audience. A number of scientists recently have been offering public-aimed explanations of scientific phenomena. Even though they have appropriate credentials, they often do very little in the way of explaining. One biologist shared an intricate analogy involving a library, books, paper, a recipe, ingredients, and a cake to explain the process behind vaccines. Any explanation that requires a written key to keep track of what each item represents is not a clear example for public consumption.
    Science communication is a science in and of itself. It requires rigorous training and instruction. A scientist should take communication courses that can teach a person how to identify and eliminate jargon and how to develop effective analogies to explain complex concepts. One cannot assume communication expertise-imagine if someone just decided that they were a physicist and started trying to contribute to the field without the necessary background. Doing a poor job communicating science to the public will only create confusion and widen the gap between science and society, a gap that scientists are trying to close.
What does the author suggest scientists do to close the gap between science and society?
选项 A、Explain complex concepts scientifically.
B、Make appropriate use of scientific terms.
C、Take courses in public speaking.
D、Develop communication skills.
答案D
解析 由题干中的the author suggest和close the gap定位到最后一段最后一句。推理判断题。最后一段最后一句指出，科学家们一直试图弥合科学界与社会之间的差距，而如果在向公众传播科学方面做得不好，只会造成混乱，扩大这一差距，而该段第二、三句提到了做好科学传播的方法，建议科学家们接受严格的培训和指导，学习传播方面的课程，可见作者认为他们应该培养传播技巧，故答案为D。定位段中没有提到如何解释复杂概念的问题，故排除选项A；最后一段第三句中提到了专业术语，即行话，但指的是建议科学家们去除术语，方便大众理解，故排除B；选项C有一定迷惑性，作者确实建议科学家们参加一些课程，但这些课程不是关于公开演讲的，而是关于提高科学传播技巧的，故排除该项。
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