首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
MERS — Middle East Respiratory Syndrome — was first reported on the Arabian Peninsula in 2012. Since then, there have been 1,
MERS — Middle East Respiratory Syndrome — was first reported on the Arabian Peninsula in 2012. Since then, there have been 1,
admin
2019-11-02
61
问题
MERS — Middle East Respiratory Syndrome — was first reported on the Arabian Peninsula in 2012.
Since then, there have been 1, 154 confirmed cases of MERS worldwide leading to 431 deaths.
More than 85 percent of the reported cases have been on the Arabian Peninsula, primarily in Saudi Arabia, with all cases outside of the region linked by travel back to there.
It’s gotten out again, and this time it’s threatening East Asia.
As of now, more than 1, 300 people in South Korea have been placed under compulsory quarantine after a 68-year-old man took ill after returning from a business trip to four Middle Eastern countries in early May. Suffering from respiratory distress, he went to two out-patient clinics and two hospitals before being correctly diagnosed with MERS. In the process, health officials believe, he may have infected at least 22 other people, two of whom are now dead.
According to the latest assessments, at least 30 people in South Korea have come down with MERS, with two dead. With memories of the SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) outbreak of 10 years ago that killed more than 750, people are wearing surgical masks on the streets and more than 200 schools have been closed.
But quarantine doesn’t work if they’re not enforced. Health officials say one confirmed patient ignored medical advice and traveled to China.
MERS, like its cousin SARS, is a coronavirus, so called because of the crown-like spikes on its surface. Coronaviruses are common and most people contract one at some point in their life, suffering mild to moderate respiratory tract distress, as in the common cold.
Coronaviruses also infect animals, mostly one species at most or a group of closely related species, but not people and animals. SARS and MERS are the exceptions. According to the US Centers for Disease Control, SARS can also infect monkeys, Himalayan palm civets, cats, dogs and rodents. In addition to humans, MERS can infect camels and bats.
"Although the majority of human cases of MERS have been attributed to human-to-human infections, camels are likely to be a major reservoir host for MERS and an animal source of MERS infection in humans. However, the exact role of camels in transmission of the virus and the exact route(s) of transmission are unknown, " says the WHO website.
The MERS virus doesn’t pass easily from person to person unless there is close contact, such as nursing a sick patient without adequate protection. Clusters of cases have appeared in health clinics where infection control practices were suspect. That’s why WHO has warned that because of the sheer number of hospitals and clinics that the first patient visited and was examined at, more cases can be expected.
According to WHO, more than a third of patients diagnosed with MERS die. There is no vaccine or specific treatment, other than "supportive and based on the patient’s clinical condition", that is, doing everything possible to help the patient battle the illness.
In the South Korean case involving the 68-year-old man, he never told doctors he had been exposed to MERS. He had also been exposed to family members, visitors, medical staff and other patients in the same room and ward. Some patients were infected after being exposed to the man for a little as five minutes, WHO reports. So far, two of those people have died.
And South Korea’s Ministry of Health has confirmed that two of the most recent cases are "third generation", meaning from exposure to someone infected by the original patient. So the virus is apparently on the move.
It was one of those confirmed cases that, on May 26, traveled "against medical advice" to Guangdong, China (by bus), via Hong Kong (by airplane). "He was symptomatic at the time of travel, " WHO reports. "On 29 May, China informed WHO that the patient, who was isolated at a Huizhou hospital, tested positive for the MERS coronavirus."
According to a study published recently in the medical journal Lancet, coronaviruses have high rates of mutation and a tendency to cross into new host species and while this is of concern, especially in light of how deadly MERS and SARS can be, MERS transmission is not efficient enough to have "pandemic potentiat", the study’s authors suggest.
WHO said that "consistent application of adequate measures for infection prevention and control has halted other large clusters of cases associated with health care facilities, " implying that it can be done again in this case. And they have not recommended any special screening at points of entry or travel restrictions.
The first MERS case in the US was diagnosed in 2014 — it was a health worker who had travelled to Saudi Arabia, the CDC says.
Most of the reported MERS cases have been primarily in______.
选项
A、South Korea
B、China
C、Saudi Arabia
D、the US
答案
C
解析
大部分被报道的MERS病例主要发生在哪?该题为细节题。文章的第二段有明确答案, “85%以上被报道的病例都发生在阿拉伯半岛(the Arabian Peninsula),主要在沙特阿拉伯(primarily in saudi Arabia),其他地区的感染病例都与到这里旅行有关。”由此可知,该题答案为C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RtbK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Engaginginahobbylikereadingabook,makingapatchworkquiltorevenplayingcomputergamescandelaytheonsetofdementi
Somesocialscientistshaveclaimedthatdivorceharmschildrenfortherestoftheirlivesleadingthemtoformmarriagesash
Doctorsbaffledbyanunexplainedrashonpeople’searsorcheeksshouldbeonalertforaskinallergycausedtoomuch【M1】_____
Forpeoplesufferingfromdepression,theadviceisusuallythesame:seekhelp.Thissimple-soundingdirective,moreover,is【M1
Thebrainsofchildrenareaffectedbyfamilyviolenceinthesamewayascombataffectssoldiers,accordingtoastudy.Inbot
TheabilitytomovetofindnewworkhaslongbeenacornerstoneoftheAmericanDream.Thereisgrowingconcernthatbeingst
A、Adviser.B、Accountant.C、Supervisor.D、Investor.A根据句(7)可知,杰克的工作是投资顾问,因此答案为[A]。
Theveryfirsttopicofourdiscussionis"whatisart?"Mytalktodaywillbedividedintotwoparts.Inthefirstpartofmyt
A、EarlyinAugust.B、SometimeinJuly.C、InthemiddleofMay.D、NearlytheendofJune.B主持人问Sally现在的工作是否是临时的,何时结束,Sally回答说工作开
(1)ScotlandYard’stopfingerprintexpert,DetectiveChiefSuperintendentGeraldLambournehadarequestfromtheBritishMuseum
随机试题
在Excel2010的工作表中,图表与生成它的数据是相关联的,当删除该图表中某一数据列时________。
简述会计制度设计应坚持的原则。
可以参与公司的经营管理,拥有选举表决的权利的是()
女,45岁,服敌敌畏30ml,2小时后送来急诊,经洗胃、静脉滴注氯磷定和静脉推注阿托品10mg,每隔10~20分钟一次,共推2小时后患者出现谵妄,躁动,面部潮红,瞳孔散大,心率120次份,肺部哕音消失,诊断为
为艾滋病患者进行护理时,下列哪项不妥
成年女性魏氏法测定血沉的参考范围是(mm/h)
A.蛔虫B.隐孢子虫C.类圆线虫D.毛尾线虫E.食道口线虫某仔猪群精神不振,消瘦,腹部膨大,腹泻。粪检见大量壳薄透明的卵圆形虫卵,内含折刀样幼虫。该病例最可能的致病病原是
T淋巴细胞白血病的病原体是
1776年在德国柯尼斯堡大学开始教授教育学的学者是()
请选择最适合的一项填入问号处,使右边图形的变化规律与左边图形一致。()
最新回复
(
0
)