首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
"Looking at Theatre History" → One of the primary ways of approaching the Greek theatre is through archeology, the systemati
"Looking at Theatre History" → One of the primary ways of approaching the Greek theatre is through archeology, the systemati
admin
2013-04-25
23
问题
"Looking at Theatre History"
→ One of the
primary
ways of approaching the Greek theatre is through archeology, the systematic study of material remains such as architecture, inscriptions, sculpture, vase painting, and other forms of decorative art.A Serious on-site excavations began in Greece around 1870, but W. Dörpfeld did not begin the first extensive study of the Theatre of Dionysus until 1886.B Since that time, more than 167 other Greek theatres have been identified and many of them have been excavated. C Nevertheless, they still do not permit us to describe the
precise
appearance of the
skene
(illustrations printed in books are conjectural reconstructions), since many pieces are irrevocably lost because the buildings in later periods became sources of stone for other projects and what remains is usually broken and scattered.D That most of the buildings were remodeled many times has created great problems for those seeking to date both the parts and the successive versions. Despite these drawbacks, archeology provides the most concrete evidence we have about the theatre structures of ancient Greece. But, if they have told us much, archeologists have not completed their work, and many sites have scarcely been touched.
→ Perhaps the most
controversial
use of archeological evidence in theatre history is vase paintings, thousands of which have survived from ancient Greece. (Most of those used by theatre scholars are reproduced in Margarete Bieber’s The History of the Greek and Roman Theatre.) Depicting scenes from mythology and daily life, the vases are the most graphic pictorial evidence we have. But they are also easy to misinterpret. Some scholars have considered any vase that depicts a subject treated in a surviving drama or any scene showing masks, flute players, or ceremonials to be valid evidence of theatrical practice. This is a highly questionable assumption, since the Greeks made widespread use of masks, dances, and music outside the theatre and since the myths on which dramatists drew were known to everyone, including vase painters, who might well depict the same subjects as dramatists without being indebted to them. Those vases showing scenes unquestionably theatrical are few in number.
→ Written evidence about ancient Greek theatre is often treated as less reliable than archeological evidence because most written accounts are separated so far in time from the events they describe and because they provide no information about their own sources. Of the written evidence, the surviving plays are usually treated as the most reliable. But the oldest surviving manuscripts of Greek plays date from around the tenth century, C.E., some 1500 years after they were first performed. Since printing did not exist during this time span, copies of plays had to be made by hand, and therefore the possibility of textual errors creeping in was magnified. Nevertheless, the scripts offer us our readiest access to the cultural and theatrical conditions out of which they came. But these scripts, like other kinds of evidence, are subject to varying interpretations. Certainly performances embodied a male perspective, for example, since the plays were written, selected, staged, and acted by men. Yet the existing plays feature numerous choruses of women and many feature strong female characters. Because these characters often seem victims of their own powerlessness and appear to be governed, especially in the comedies, by sexual desire, some critics have seen these plays as rationalizations by the male-dominated culture for keeping women segregated and cloistered. Other critics, however, have seen in these same plays an attempt by male authors to force their male audiences to examine and call into question this segregation and cloistering of Athenian women.
→ By far the majority of written references to Greek theatre date from several hundred years after the events they report. The writers seldom mention their sources of evidence, and thus we do not know what credence to give
them
. In the absence of material nearer in time to the events, however, historians have used the accounts and have been grateful to have them. Overall, historical treatment of the Greek theatre is something like assembling a jigsaw puzzle from which many pieces are missing: historians arrange what they have and imagine (with the aid of the remaining evidence and logic) what has been lost. As a result, though the broad outlines of Greek theatre history are reasonably clear, many of the details remain open to doubt.
Glossary
skene: a stage building where actors store their masks and change their costumes
What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about the skene in theatre history?
选项
A、Drawings in books are the only accurate visual records.
B、Not enough evidence is available to make a precise model.
C、Archaeologists have excavated a large number of them.
D、It was not identified or studied until the early 1800s.
答案
B
解析
... many pieces are irrevocably lost." Choice A is not correct because drawings are conjectural. Choice C is not correct because the number of skenes that archeologists have excavated is not specified. Choice D is not correct because excavations did not begin until the late 1800s, not the early 1800s.
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RzfO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
CompletetheStudentProfilebelow.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSORANUMBERforeachanswer.STUDENTPROFILE-GRISHAMCO
CompletetheStudentProfilebelow.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSORANUMBERforeachanswer.STUDENTPROFILE-GRISHAMCO
Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.PERSONALDETAILSFORMName:Mary【T6】______Address:Flat2【T
Completethelecturenotes.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.PurposeoftheminilectureToexperience【T32】______
Completethesentencesbelow.WriteONEWORDONLYforeachanswer.Theprogramismadefortravelerstomake______.
Completethenotesbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSforeachanswer.CLIMATEANDARCHITECTURECasesandexamplesarefrompra
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.IfAmericanshadanextradayperweek,theywouldspendit
equipment录音原文中的beusedtodoingsth结构“习惯做某事”是题目中Familiar“熟悉的”的同义表述。
Duringthenineteenthcenturythemoleculartheoryofmatterwasdeveloped,(which)considered(allmatter)to(becomposed)of
Nowlistentoashortconversationbetweenastudentandherfriend.QuestionDescribethewoman’sproblemandthetwos
随机试题
国家发展战略的核心和提高综合国力的关键是()
女,65岁,患胸中段食管癌完全不能进食10天,患者消瘦、脱水,左锁骨上有多个淋巴结,质硬,不活动,治疗应首选
避孕药的不良反应有()。
保险活动所特有的内在功能是()。
参加公路水运工程投标及施工的人员中,()须取得由交通部或省级交通主管部门颁发的《安全生产考核合格证书》。
银监会在进行信息科技风险监管时,应遵循的原则不包括()。
下列各比例图中,哪项最准确反映了2017年各季度所发生的房屋市政工程生产安全事故起数在全年的占比情况?()
试述从鸦片战争到五四运动前夕,中国进步群体在向西方学习探究国家发展的道路上与落后势力所开展的四次大论争
•ReadthefollowingarticleaboutJapanesestyleofmanagementandthequestions.•Foreachquestion(15-20),markonelett
WhenIwasakid,Ineverknewwhatmyparents—oranyoneelse’s—didforaliving.AsfarasIcouldtell,allgrownupshadmyste
最新回复
(
0
)