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  3. Australia has been unusual in the Western world in having a very conservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies, acco

Australia has been unusual in the Western world in having a very conservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies, acco

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问题     Australia has been unusual in the Western world in having a very conservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies, according to Dr Paul Laver, a lecturer in Public Health at the University of Sydney. "We’ ve had a tradition of doctors being fairly powerful and I guess they are pretty loath to allow pretenders to their position to come into it." In many other industrialised countries, orthodox and alternative medicine have worked "hand in glove" for years. In Europe, only orthodox doctors can prescribe herbal medicine. In Germany, plant remedies account for 10% of the national turnover of pharmaceuticals. Americans made more visits to alternative therapists than to orthodox doctors in 1990, and each year they spend about $12 billion on therapies that have not been scientifically tested.
    Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years. In a 1983 national health survey, 1.9% of people said they had contacted a chiropractor, naturopath, osteopath, acupuncturist or herbalist in the two weeks prior to the survey. By 1990, this figure had risen to 2.6% of the population. The 550,000 consultations with alternative therapists reported in the 1990 survey represented about an eighth of the total number of consultations with medically qualified personnel covered by the survey, according to Dr Laver and colleagues writing in the Australian Journal of Public Health in 1993. "A better educated and less accepting public has become disillusioned with the experts in general and increasingly sceptical about science and empirically based knowledge," they said. "The high standing of professionals including doctors, has been eroded as a consequence."
    Rather than resisting or criticizing this trend, increasing numbers of Australian doctors, particularly younger ones, are forming group practices with alternative therapists or taking course themselves, particularly in acupuncture and herbalism. Part of the incentive was financial, Dr Laver said. "The bottom line is that most general practitioners are business people. If they see potential clientele going elsewhere, they might want to be able to offer a similar service."
    In 1993, Dr Laver and his colleagues published a survey of 289 Sydney people who attended eight alternative therapists’ practices in Sydney. These practices offered a wide range of alternative therapies from 25 therapists. Those surveyed had experienced chronic illnesses, for which orthodox medicine had been able to provide little relief. They commented that they like the holistic approach of their alternative therapists and the friendly , concerned and detailed attention they had received. The cold, impersonal manner of orthodox doctors featured in the survey. An increasing exodus form their clinics, coupled with this and a number of other relevant surveys carried out in Australia, all pointing to orthodox doctors’ inadequacies, have led mainstream doctors themselves to begin to admit they could learn from the personal style of alternative therapists. Dr Patrick Store, President of the Royal College of General Practitioners, concurs that orthodox doctors could learn a lot about bedside manner and advising patients on preventative health from alternative therapists.
The word "incentive"(Line 4, Para. 3)may be replaced by______.
选项 A、concern
B、advantage
C、benefit
D、motivation
答案D
解析 语义题。联系第三段本词所在句和后一句“拉韦尔博士说．部分……当然是出于经济考虑。‘关键在于大多数全科医生都是商人。如果他们看到潜在的客户去别处看病，他们就想也要能够提供类似的服务。’”可知incentive应该表示“动力，动机”的意思，和D的motivation是近义词．因此选D。
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