首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
(1)The winner takes all, as is widely supposed in computing circles. Indeed, geeks have coined a word, "Googlearchy", for the wa
(1)The winner takes all, as is widely supposed in computing circles. Indeed, geeks have coined a word, "Googlearchy", for the wa
admin
2019-05-24
62
问题
(1)The winner takes all, as is widely supposed in computing circles. Indeed, geeks have coined a word, "Googlearchy", for the way in which search engines encourage web traffic towards the most popular sites. The belief mat search engines make popular websites even more fashionable, at the expense of other pages, is now being challenged by research.
(2)The apparently magical ability of search engines such as Google to return relevant websites even when given the sketchiest of clues by the person entering a question relies on the use of mathematical recipes or algorithms. Google works by analyzing the structure of the web itself. Each of its billions of pages can link to other pages and can also, in turn, be linked to by others. If a page is linked to many other pages, it is flagged up as being important. Furthermore, if the pages that link to this page are also important, then that page is even more likely to be important. The algorithm has been made increasingly complex over the years, to deter those who would manipulate their pages to appear higher in their rankings, but it remains at the heart of Google’s success.
(3)Google is not alone in this. Many search engines take account of the number of links to a website when they return the results of a search. Because of this, there is a widespread belief among computer, social, and political scientists that search engines create a vicious circle that amplifies the dominance of established and already popular websites. Page returned by research engines are more likely to be discovered and consequently linked to by others.
(4)Not so, according to a controversial new paper that has recently appeared on ArViv, an online collection of physics and related papers. In it, Santo Fortunato and his colleagues at Indiana University in America and Bielefeld University in Germany claim that search engines actually have an egalitarian effect that increases traffic to less popular sites.
(5)The researchers developed a model that described two extreme cases. In the first, people browsed the web only by surfing random links. In the second, people only visited pages that were returned by search engines. The researchers then turned to the real world. To their amazement, they found that the relationship between the two did not lie between the extremes suggested by their model but somewhere completely different. It appears to show that the supposed bias in favor of popular pages is actually alleviated by the combination of search engines and people following random links.
(6)The paper, which was posted on ArViv for comment, has now come under attack. Matthew Hindman, a political scientist at Arizona Stake University, says that the data used in the research are pretty shoddy. Moreover, he says, the discrepancy between the model and the real world does not necessarily come from the role of the search engine.
(7)Whether Dr. Fortunate’s thesis stands the test of time remains to be seen. That it is tested must be a good thing.
Santo Fortunate and his colleagues seem to suggest that _____.
选项
A、fair effect is created by increasing traffic to less well known sites
B、popular websites are made more fashionable by search engines
C、the situation in favor of popular pages has become more serious
D、popular pages are more likely to be discovered by random links
答案
A
解析
在第4段末句中,A中的fair effect是文中egalitarian effect的同义替换,因此A正确。全文通过Google的例子来说明目前流行的认为搜索引擎通过牺牲其他网站网页而使流行网站更为流行的看法现在正在受到来自研究领域的挑战,B、D刚好与文章大意相反,故错;C中的become more serious也不正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/S4EK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Aknowledgeofseverallanguagesisessentialtoothermajors’studybecausewithoutthemonecanreadbooksonlyintranslation
BillGatesmaybeoneofthesmartestguysinthecountry,butevenhe’sannoyedathavingtorememberasortofpersonalpass
TheAmericanmedicalschoolisnowwellalonginthesecondcenturyofitshistory.Itbegan,butformanyyearscontinuedto【S1
Peopleineveryworkplacetalkaboutorganizationalculture,themysteriouswordthatcharacterizesaworkenvironment.Oneof
PASSAGETWOWhatdotheexamplesofAmericanCenturyInvestmentsandBain&CompanyinPara.5show?
WritingaResearchPaperI.ResearchPaperandOrdinaryEssayA.Similarityin【T1】______:【T1】______e.g.—choosingatopic—as
EnglishasaGlobalLanguageI.EnglishisagloballanguageIt’swidelyusedineconomic,political,andscientificfields,
InaBertelsmannFoundationstudyonsocialjusticereleasedthisfall,theUnitedStatescameindeadlylastamongtherich【M1】
HowtoBuildYourVocabularyEffectivelyVocabularyisthefoundationoflearningalanguage.Withoutit,noneoftheskillscou
TherearefourmajortypesofbenchmarkingactivitiespursuedatXerox;internal,functional,generic,andcompetitive.Thethe
随机试题
为减轻肾病综合征病人长期服用肾上腺皮质激素的副作用,可采用下列哪项方法
在兔瘟疫区不发生兔瘟的是()。
在麦克斯韦速率分布定律中,速率分布函数f(V)的意义可理解为()。
根据《支付结算办法》的规定,签发票据时,可以更改的项目是()。
2012年国务院政府工作报告指出:扩大内需特别是消费需求是我国经济长期平稳较快发展的根本立足点,是今年工作的重点。下列措施中,有利于扩大居民消费需求的有()。
2010年,我国医院总数为20918家,较上年增长627家,医院接待诊疗20.40亿人次,比上年增长1.18亿人次,综合医院接待诊疗人次占全部医院接待诊疗人次的74.1%,是位居第二的中医医院诊疗人次的4.6倍。(2015黑龙江)2010年,平均每家
Middlemenlandlord
张教授:由于许多对农业和医学有用的化学制品都取自稀有的濒临灭绝的植物,因此,很可能许多已经绝种了的植物本来可以提供给我们有益于人类的物质。所以,如果我们想要确保在将来也能使用从植物中提炼的化学制品,就必须更加努力地去保护自然资源。李研究员:但是,有生命的
结合材料回答问题:郭明义,鞍山钢铁集团矿山公司齐大山铁矿采场公路管理员。几十年来,他照着雷锋那样去做,“把雷锋的道路作为自己的人生选择,把雷锋的境界作为自己的人生追求”,连续15年每天提前2小时上班,相当于多奉献了5年的工作量;连续20年先后55
A、Noone.B、Oneyoungman.C、Hisson.D、Mathew.A细节辨认题。短文第一段第三句指出Thehairdresserworkedalone可知这个老理发师自己独自工作。故选项A正确。
最新回复
(
0
)