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  3. [A] Mobility of this kind meant also mobility of ideas, their transference across frontiers, and their simultaneous impact upon

[A] Mobility of this kind meant also mobility of ideas, their transference across frontiers, and their simultaneous impact upon

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问题 [A] Mobility of this kind meant also mobility of ideas, their transference across frontiers, and their simultaneous impact upon many groups of people. The point of learning is to share it, whether with students or with colleagues; one presumes that only eccentrics have no interest in being credited with a startling discovery, or a new technique. It must also have been reassuring to know that other people in other parts of the world were about to make the same discovery or were thinking along the same lines, and that one was not quite alone, confronted by inquisition, ridicule or neglect.
[B] Scholars and students have always been great travelers. The case for "academic mobility" is now often stated in impressive terms as a fundamental necessity for economic and social progress in the world, but it is certainly nothing new. Serious students were always ready to go abroad in search of the most stimulating teachers and the most famous academies; in search of the purest philosophy, the most effective medicine, the likeliest road to gold.
[C] Apart from the vehicle itself, it is fairly easy to identify the main factors which have brought about the recent explosion in academic movement. Some of these are purely quantitative and require no further mention: there are far more centers of learning, and a far greater number of scholars and students.
[D] But as the specializations have increased in number and narrowed in range, there had been an opposite movement towards interdisciplinary studies. These owe much to the belief that one cannot properly investigate the incredibly complex problems thrown up by the modern world, and by recent advances in our knowledge along the narrow front of a single discipline. This trend has led to a great deal of academic contact between disciplines, and a far greater emphasis on the pooling of specialist knowledge, reflected in the broad subjects chosen in many international conferences.
[E] Frequently these specializations lie in areas where very rapid developments are taking place, and also where the research needed for developments is extremely costly and takes a long time. It is precisely in these areas that the advantages of collaboration and sharing of expertise appear most evident. Associated with this is the growth of specialist periodicals, which enable scholars to become aware of what is happening in different centers of research and to meet each other in conferences and symposia. From these meetings come the personal relationships which are at the bottom of almost all formalized schemes of cooperation, and provide them with their most satisfactory stimulus.
[F] In the twentieth century, and particularly in the last 20 years, the old footpaths of the wandering scholars have become vast highways. The vehicle which has made this possible has of course been the aeroplane, making contact between scholars even in the most distant places immediately feasible, and providing for the very rapid transmission of knowledge.
[G] In addition, one must recognize the very considerable multiplication of disciplines, particularly in the sciences, which by widening the total area of advanced studies has produced an enormous number of specialists whose particular interests are precisely defined. These people would work in some isolation if they were not able to keep in touch with similar isolated groups in other countries.
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答案A
解析 本文首段提出了“学术流动”的现象；尾段指出随着专业数目的增多和专业领域变得越来越窄，跨学科发展成了一种趋势。分析首尾两段可知，本文围绕“学术交流”这一现象展开；再浏览其余 段落，其中谈到了引起学术大爆炸(即学术交流)的factors，故本文可能涉及引起“学术交流”这一现象的各种原因。既然第一段提出了“学术交流”的现象，按照文章的发展逻辑，接下来应该会进一步阐述这种现象或分析现象产生的原因。[A]开头提到的“这种流动也是思想的流动”即是对上段内容的进一步充实，其中this kind就是指上段末的Serious students were always ready…，故本题选[A]。
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