首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Type D personality, first defined in the ’90s, is characterized by feelings of negativity, depression, anxiety, stress, anger, a
Type D personality, first defined in the ’90s, is characterized by feelings of negativity, depression, anxiety, stress, anger, a
admin
2016-03-10
63
问题
Type D personality, first defined in the ’90s, is characterized by feelings of negativity, depression, anxiety, stress, anger, and loneliness. Type D personalities sweat the small stuff and often expect the worst. They have trouble making friends and often have low self-esteem. They are tense, chronically angry, and overreact to stressful situations: they also tend to conceal their feelings from others out of fear of rejection. About 20 percent of healthy Americans are Type D’s, as are up to half of people being treated for heart problems, says study author Johan Denollet, a psychologist at Tilburg University in the Netherlands.
Denollet and his colleagues analyzed 49 previous studies involving more than 6,000 people and found that Type D spells trouble—especially for heart patients, who had a greater risk of dying if they had this personality type, compared to non-D’s. "It really adds weight to the argument that this core, hostile personality is a concern—or ought to be a concern—for people who have it," says Barry Jacobs, a clinical psychologist and American Heart Association spokesman. "If you perceive things in a particularly skewed, negative way, your body will become more reactive over time, and there will be long-term health consequences." In previous research, Denollet studied nearly 300 heart patients in a cardiac rehabilitation(心脏病康复)program and found that 27 percent of those classified as Type D died within eight years(mostly of heart attacks and strokes), compared to 7 percent of the non-D’s.
The link between Type D personality and poor health outcomes is most likely driven by its high stress levels, Denollet says. Unlike Type A’s who vent, Type D’s—who don’t tend to speak up for themselves or express their emotions—have no outlet for their stress. Stress causes high Cortisol(皮质醇)levels, which, in turn, can elevate blood pressure and lead to chronic, artery-damaging inflammation. Behavior probably plays a role, too, says Denollet, since Type D’s are less likely to exercise, quit smoking, and are rather bad at "complying with treatment programs." And because they’re typically tense and insecure in social situations, Type D’s may also shy away from seeking medical care or prefer not to discuss worrisome symptoms with their doctors.
A 14-question scale is used to determine whether folks have Type D. But you can ask yourself the following questions: Do you often feel unhappy? Is your view of the world gloomy? Are you often irritated, or in a bad mood? Do you make a big deal out of unimportant issues? Is it difficult for you to start conversations? Do you tend to keep people at a distance? Answering yes to several may clue you in that you need to make some changes.
Denollet’s study on heart patients was mentioned to______.
选项
A、oppose the findings of the 49 previous studies
B、show Type D personality’s influence on them
C、indicate the necessity for clinical psychologists
D、show the Type D’s risk in getting heart problems
答案
B
解析
推断题。由第二段末句In previous research,Denollet studied nearly 300 heartpatients…and found that 27 percent of those classified as Type D died within eight years…compared to 7 percent of the non-D’s.可知,作者提到该研究是为了说明D型性格对心脏病患者的影响,故[B]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/S6PK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Youknowyouhavetoread"betweenthelines"togetthemostoutofanything.Iwanttopersuadeyoutodosomethingequallyim
Globalwarmingisalreadycuttingsubstantiallyintopotentialcropyieldsinsomecountries—tosuchanextentthatitmaybea
Accordingtothepassage,manylanguagesdie______.
Thenear-treblingofuniversitytuitionfeeshasdeterredworking-classboysfromstudyingfordegrees,buthadtheoppositeeff
TheAmericansocietyis______anexceedinglyshakyfoundationofnaturalresources,whichisconnectedwiththepossibilityofa
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneed
TheTurkishparliament’samendmentoftheconstitutionaimsat
Afterworkingforthecompanyforyears,he______thepositionofmanager.
[A]addicts[B]adjustments[C]administration[D]amazing[E]bother[F]compares[G]conserves[H]constantly[I]dominant[J]eliminate[K]laun
A、Tobeagoodlistener.B、Tobeagoodadvisor.C、Tobeagoodmanager.D、Tobeagoodnurturer.B
随机试题
Fourhundredyearsago,Coffeaarabica,atropicalplantbearinggreenleavesandbright-redberries,wasvirtuallyunknownouts
当α1受体被阻断时可出现
对于转复房颤病人的异位心律失常,护士在进行电复律治疗时错误的操作是
将资产评估的价值类型分为继续使用价值、公开市场价值和清算价值三种形式,是从()的角度来表述的。
下列各项中,应计算缴纳城镇土地使用税的有()。
张某担任某上市公司董事期间,半年内买卖该公司的股票获得200万元。该200万元应当()。
一、注意事项 1.申论考试,与传统作文考试不同,是对分析驾驭材料的能力、解决问题能力、语言表达能力的测试。 2.作答参考时限:阅读材料40分钟,作答110分钟。 3.仔细阅读给定的材料,按照后面提出的“申论要求”依次作答。二、给定材料 家
Asagrown-up,howdoesthespeakerseeherselfinthemirror?
Accordingtocommonbelief,inwhatwayarethefirstchildandtheonlychildalike?
Would-belanguageteacherseverywherehaveonethingincommon;theyallwantsomerecognitionoftheirprofessionalstatusand
最新回复
(
0
)