首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
专升本
In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically
In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically
admin
2018-04-17
11
问题
In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called "classical conditioning". This occurs when one event or stimulus is consistently paired with or followed by, a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associates his mother’s face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion.
The second kind of learning is called "operant conditioning". This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more.
Every day, we grow and have new experiences. We constantly learn by reading, watching television, interacting with other people, and so forth. This learning affects our emotions. Why is it that we learn to like some people and dislike others? If a person is nice to us, cares about us, we learn to associate this person with positive feelings, such as joy, happiness, and friendliness. On the other hand, if a person is mean to us, does not care about us, and even deliberately does things to harm us, we learn to associate this person with negative feelings, such as unhappiness, discomfort, and anger.
If a child is bitten or startled several times by a dog, he may learn to associate furry animals with pain or startle and thus develop a fear of furry animals. This is a typical example of learning through______.
选项
A、classical conditioning
B、both of them
C、operant conditioning
D、neither of them
答案
A
解析
从文章第一段可知,“classical conditioning”是“This occurs when one event or stimulus is consistently paired with or followed by,a reward or punishment.”因此题目中的例子是“经典性条件反射”。答案为A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/S7iC777K
本试题收录于:
英语题库成考专升本分类
0
英语
成考专升本
相关试题推荐
It’sinterestinghowlittlemostofUSknowaboutourancestorsoraboutthehistoryofourfamily.Ifyou【56】tobenobility(贵族
It’sinterestinghowlittlemostofUSknowaboutourancestorsoraboutthehistoryofourfamily.Ifyou【56】tobenobility(贵族
ThereoncelivedapoortailorwhohadasoncalledAladdin,acareless,idleboy【21】woulddonothingbutplayalldaylongint
Oneofthepoliticalissueswehearalotaboutlatelyiscampaignfinancereform.Thepeoplewhoarecallingfor【21】usuallywan
Advertisementcanbethoughtof"asthemeansofmakingknowninordertobuyorsellgoodsorservices".Advertisementaimsto
Sincetheearly1980s,scientistshaverevealedsome40humangenesinvolvedincancer.Thesegenesareessentialfornormalgro
Ialwayshaveadifficulttimechoosingoriginalbirthdaypresents.Myimaginationneverseemstogetbeyondties,handkerchiefs
NoonethoughtthatJohn’ssuggestionwasworth______.
WhilehewasinvestigatingwaystoimprovethetelescopeNewtonmade_____discoverywhichcompletelychanged_____man’sunderstan
Everycountryhasitsheroes.Theymaybesoldiersorsportspeople,doctorsorfilmstars.Weadmirethemfortheircourage,th
随机试题
下列犯罪中,不适用数罪并罚的有:
试对下列教师在一节课上的导入语作简要分析。师:一天深夜,在一个小巷的尽头,两个人走了个对面,其中一个问另一个:“这儿有警察吗?”另一个回答:“没有。”“那么能不能在附近很快找到一位?”“恐怕不可能。”“那好吧,把你戴的手表和钱交给我!”
“有教无类”是()提出的观点。
不管当时条件极为不利,他们还是胜利地完成了任务。
2011年4月,我国居民消费价格指数(CPI)同比上升5.3%。为有效控制通货膨胀,政府应采取的财政政策和措施是()。
部门劳动生产率不变,只有个别企业的劳动生产率提高,那么该部门生产的单位商品的价值量则:
下列哪个运动包含反官僚主义的内容()
设连续非负函数f(x)满足f(x)f(-x)=1,则=_____________.
在某软件开发项目中,项目经理发现年轻开发人员的流失较为严重,导致项目进行中花费大量时间进行招聘、任务交接和善后处理。下列选项中无法改善人员流失状况的是(222)。
A、ThewomanshouldaskJerry’sparentsforhelp.B、Thewomanshouldactandgoforajob.C、Heisreluctanttoleavethecampus.
最新回复
(
0
)