The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that

There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn.So the second factor is what happens to the individual and the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop.The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be demonstrated by the case of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference con tinued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence.Mark’s I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and forty points higher than his identical brother.