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  3. In an initiative to speed treatments for wounded soldiers, the U.S. Department of Defense(DOD)is entering the fast-growing field

In an initiative to speed treatments for wounded soldiers, the U.S. Department of Defense(DOD)is entering the fast-growing field

admin2015-03-25  58
问题     In an initiative to speed treatments for wounded soldiers, the U.S. Department of Defense(DOD)is entering the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine. Over the next 5 years, at least $250 million will be tunneled into two university-led consortia that compose the new Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine(AFIRM), DOD announced last week.
    AFIRM will focus on regrowing severed fingers, recreating shattered bones, reconstructing mutilated faces, and covering burn victims with genetically matched skin. "We hope to get products into patients within 5 years," says tissue engineer Anthony Atala of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, co-director of one consortium led by Wake Forest and the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania.
    Last year, Atala reported isolating from amniotic fluid highly versatile stem cells, which are likely to figure prominently in the new technologies. Embryonic stem cells or their equivalents aren’t in the mix here. Rather, says Atala, the focus is on getting rapidly to the clinic, using cells that can get quick Food and Drug Administration approval.
    DOD decide 2 years ago that it was time to make a major commitment to regenerative medicine treatments, largely at the instigation of dental researcher Robert Vandre, director of combat casualty care research at the U. S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command at Fort De-trick, Maryland. Vandre says he originally managed to round up a commitment for $8.5 million a year, including $500,000 a year from the U. S. National Institutes of Health(NIH). Then after receiving competitive proposals for a single consortium, he got a call "out of the blue" from the White House, which ended up telling DOD to double the funding from $42.5 million to $85 million over 5 years. That made it possible to fund two consortia that had come in neck-and-neck in the competition. Vandre, who is AFIRM’s DOD manager, says the 5-year total should top $265 million, including $80 million in public and private funds to match DOD’s input and some $100 million in NIH grants already held by researchers in the consortia’s 28 researchgroups.
    A top priority will be engineered skin that can be quickly grown to treat burn victims. Atala points out that at present there is " no real skin replacement" because skin grafts from cadavers are prone to rejection; supply is also short. One of the earliest fruits of the venture may be a method to grow a patient’s own skin rapidly enough to use as a graft for life-threatening burns. Ultimately, says chemist Joachim Kohn of Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, co-head of the other consortium, led by Rutgers and the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio, "you could take a skin sample from every soldier in danger zones and store it" so that the moment a soldier is injured, people back at the Army medical center in San Antonio, Texas, could start growing a graft.
We may infer from the last paragraph that
选项 A、treating burn victims is not a problem now.
B、real skin replacement means skin grafts with rejection.
C、people at the Army medical center has grown each soldier’s graft.
D、one way to treat burn victims is to grow a patient’s own skin as a graft.
答案D
解析 推理判断题。根据题干定位至末段。由该段首句“头等大事就是人造皮肤能够迅速生长，以便治疗烧伤病人”可以推测[A]错误，故排除；由原文“现在没有真正的皮肤替代品，从尸体上移植的皮肤很容易受到排斥”可知，真正的皮肤替代品不会受到排斥，因此[D]符合题意；[B]含义与之相反，故排除；[C]说军队医疗中心已经培植出了每位士兵要移植的皮肤，而文中说的是在士兵受伤的时候条件下才会培植，所以涉及的范围要比文中的大得多，故排除。
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