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  3. I can tap my smartphone and a cab will arrive almost immediately. Another tap will tell me the latest news, value my share portf

I can tap my smartphone and a cab will arrive almost immediately. Another tap will tell me the latest news, value my share portf

admin2017-12-19  71
问题    I can tap my smartphone and a cab will arrive almost immediately. Another tap will tell me the latest news, value my share portfolio or give me route directions to my next meeting. As a result, I do not need to stand on a street corner vainly trying to hail a taxi to the theatre, lose myself in London streets. The changes that have occurred in the past decade have, from an economic perspective, increased at virtually no cost the efficiency of household production.
   The data framework within which economic analysis is conducted is largely the product of the second world war. In the 1930s American economist Simon Kuznets began to elaborate a system of national accounts. That work was given impetus when the war led governments to take control of important sectors of economic activity. It was soon realized that this required far better data than had previously existed, which in turn raised the challenge of how best to structure such information.
   Household production—women’ s work as homemakers—did not have much of a look-in; that was not the front line against fascism. The joke about the man who reduced national income by marrying his housekeeper, so that a market transaction became part of household production, was once a mandatory part of every introductory course on national income accounting but has succumbed to political correctness.
   Technological advance has always enhanced household as well as business efficiency. Our domestic productivity has benefited from washing machines, vacuum cleaners and central heating, and before that from electric light and automobiles. But at least these things were partially accounted for: from an economic perspective a car is a faster and cheaper horse. Statisticians in principle incorporated these improvements in the efficiency of consumer goods into their measurement of productivity, though in practice they did not try very hard.
   But the technological advances of the past decade seem to have increased the efficiency of households, rather than the efficiency of businesses, to an unusual extent. An ereader in the pocket replaces a roomful of books, and all the world’ s music is streamed to my computer. We look at aggregate statistics and worry about the slowdown in growth and productivity. But the evidence of our eyes seems to tell a different story.
Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 4?
选项 A、Technological advance has always improved the business efficiency.
B、Our domestic productivity has benefited from technological advance.
C、Statisticians in practice tried very hard as they did in principle.
D、In principle, the statisticians should consider these improvements in the efficiency of consumer goods when they measure productivity.
答案C
解析 细节题。根据题干关键词NOT true和Paragraph 4定位到第四段。根据第一段的 前两句可知A项“技术进步提高了企业效率”和B项“我们的家庭生产率受益于技术进 步”符合文意，故排除。根据最后一句：Statisticians in principie incorporated these im provements in the efficiency of consumer goods into their measurement of productivity， though in practice they did not try very hard．此句意为“统计人员原则上将这些消费品效 率的提升纳入了他们对生产率的衡量，尽管在实践中他们并未很努力地这样做。”可知 C项“统计人员在实践中与在原则上一样努力”不符合文意，故为正确答案。D项“原则 上，统计人员在衡量生产率时，应该考虑消费品效率的提升”符合题意，故排除。
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